Yusuf Akçura

Yusuf Akçura ( Tatar language: Yosif Aqçura, Turkish Yusuf Akçura; * 1876 in Simbirsk ( Ulyanovsk since 1924 ); † March 11, 1935 in Istanbul) was a prominent Tatar activist and ideologue of the Ottoman pan-Turkism or Turanism.

Biography

Akçura Yusuf was born in a Tatar family in Simbirsk (now Ulyanovsk in Russia) and he lived there until the age of seven with his mother emigrated to the Ottoman Empire. He went to school in Istanbul and attended the 1895 Military School ( Harbiye Mektebi ) before he received ( Erkan -i Harbiye ) a point in the General Staff. He could not complete his studies there, he was accused of membership in a rebel movement and exiled to Fezzan.

He fled from his exile in 1899 to Paris, where he was a staunch advocate of Turkish nationalism. In 1903 he returned because of an entry ban into the Ottoman Empire returns to Kazan in Russia and wrote in detail about the topic. For his work Üç Tarz -ı Siyaset ( dt, ' Three types of policy ') in 1904, which was published in the journal Turk in Cairo, he received a lot of attention. In Scripture, it discusses three different ideologies to establish a Turkish State: Islamism, Ottomanism and Turkism. He called on the Turks to withdraw from the multi-ethnic Ottoman Empire, and instead quite return to their Turkish identity. Initially viewed as an extremist, his ideas after the Young Turk Revolution in 1908 and the Second Ottoman constitutional period were popular. In 1905 he was one of the founders of the Ittifaq al - Muslim (Alliance of Muslims ).

Nationalism grew up in the country, so that he returned to the Ottoman Empire and in 1911 the journal Türk Yurdu ( Turkish Homeland), which became the intellectual force of the growing nationalism. In 1912 he became a member of the Turkic Ocağı ( dt: Turkish home club ). He differed from the regime by joining the Türkensein with the Turkish ethnic group and represented phylogenetic relationships with other Turkic peoples outside the empire. He was responsible for the creation of a national economy and turned away from the Muslim values. In this he differed from Ziya Gokalp. Akçura wanted a secular Turkey, because he feared that the pan-Islamism would interfere with the nationalist development. Because of this property it has been estimated by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. As a result, he became a prominent ideologue and advocate of Pan-Turkism in the early stage of the Republic. His writings were widespread and he became one of the leading professors at the University of Istanbul. In 1920, he married Selma Hanim. In 1923 he ran for Member of Parliament for Istanbul. It was 1932, the chairman of Türk Tarih Kurumu. He was a member of the province of Kars.

Yusuf Akçura died on March 11, 1935 in Istanbul to a heart attack and is buried in the cemetery of martyrs in Edirnekapı in Istanbul.