Zhuge Liang

Zhuge Liang (Chinese诸葛亮/诸葛亮, IPA (high Chinese) [ [ d̥ʐ̥u5 ɡ̊ɤ214 li̯ɑŋ51 ] ], * 181, † 234), Call Name Kungming (Chinese孔明, Pinyin Kǒngmíng ), a politician and strategist was at the time of the Three Kingdoms in ancient China.

At the end of the Han Dynasty crumbled the power of the Han emperor. Many warlords divided the country. Liu Bei, who claimed to be a distant relative of the Han imperial family, and until then was more of a plaything of the warlords, Zhuge Liang heard enormous intellect. Then he sought despite its upscale social position Zhuge Liang three times on his farm to move him to be his advisor.

Zhuge Liang was on his first diplomatic mission Sun Quan, who was the country south of the Yangtze river possession, move to an alliance with Liu Bei to take so that they Cao Cao, who was able to unite until then north China among themselves together and the Emperor used as a puppet, at the Battle of Red Cliff (Chinese赤壁 之 战, Pinyin Chibi Zhi Zhan ) could hit 208.

After Liu conquered In - on the advice of Zhuge Liang - The province of Sichuan, which is hard to take due to their mountainous environment. Thus, the three kingdoms of Wei Dynasty, the Shu Han established (also called Later Han Dynasty ) and the Wu Dynasty.

Zhuge Liang tried by tactics, diplomacy and politics to win the minorities on the border of the country to build up the rather weak country and led six futile Northern expeditions to conquer China for the Shu dynasty. On the last of these campaigns he died of exhaustion 234.

In China, Zhuge Liang was granted the status of a god. He is regarded as a very wise man, who remained close to the people and corruption- free, even when he was Chancellor of his country for the people. His name is synonymous with a brilliant tactician. The reverence for him is so great that he is worshiped with his master, Liu Bei, in the same temple, which bears his name in the vernacular.

In his campaigns, he wrote two famous reports that in the schools are required reading for ancient Chinese in China. During his campaigns he invented some devices, for example a small, driven by a candle, used as a signal hot air balloon, which is to this day called in China Kungming lamp, or a crossbow device ( repeating crossbow ), could be launched simultaneously with the plurality of bolts.

The stories about Zhuge Liang, Cao Cao, Liu Bei, among others are part of the 36 Stratagems, a Chinese collection of historical tricks and illusions, and therefore very well known.