Actinobacillus
Actinobacillus lignieresi
Actinobacillus is a genus of bacteria of the family Pasteurellaceae.
Features
Actinobacillus is a slim, short, immovable, gram - negative rod-shaped bacterium, which can also assume spherical shapes. It belongs to the facultative anaerobes. Members of this genus do not form spores.
Actinobacillus is a frequent accompanying germ at Aktinomykosen, but is often found also in wound infections, bloodstream infections, animal bites and endocarditis. In infections that occur mainly in immunocompromised, the mortality rate is relatively high at 30%.
Depending on the entrance gate to emerge localized wound infection and local lymphadenitis. As late complications after injuries remote infections, such as at the endocardium, bone and also in the central nervous system are possible.
Therapy
As a means of selection Benzylpenicilline (penicillin G) are employed for the treatment. Normally, gram- negative rod bacteria, however, are resistant, but Actinobacillus is an exception. However, pay attention to mixed infections with other germs.
Depending on the antibiotic resistance of the bacteria continue to ampicillin, cephalosporins and tetracyclines can be used to treat.
Species
- A. actinomycetemcomitans ( Klinger 1912) Topley & Wilson 1929 ( syn. Haemophilus or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ) pathogens of periodontitis
- Arthritidis A. Christensen et al. 2002
- A. capsulatus Arseculeratne 1962
- A. delphi nicola Foster et al. 1996: pathogens in marine mammals
- A. equuli (van Straaten 1918) Main 1934: septicemia and peritonitis pathogen in horses subsp. equuli
- Subsp. haemolyticus Christensen et al. 2002
Formerly the genus Actinobacillus was attributed to: