Arnulf of Carinthia

Arnulf of Carinthia (also Arnolf Arnolph; * 850, † 29 November or December 8 899 in Regensburg ) from the noble family of the Carolingian was 876-887 Margrave of Carinthia, 887-899 East Frankish king, 894-899 king of Italy and 896-899 Roman Emperor.

Life

Arnulf was an illegitimate son of the Carolingian Charles man from the relationship to Liutswind ( † before 891 ), which was perhaps a sister of Count Ernst nordgauischen; historically it is not known whether Carloman Arnulf's mother married at a later date. Arnulf grew up on the Mosaburch. After the death of Prince Kocel 875 Arnulf was placed under the Balaton Principality. 876 was father Carloman King of Bavaria, and transferred the management of Arnulf Karantanija. The center points of his reign in Mosaburch and Karnburg. 882, the two sons of the 871 against the Moravians fallen Count the Danube County William and Engilschalk turned to Arnulf and kept him fealty. With regard to the rule in the Old Bavarians Arnulf, however, is likely to be passed over, because his uncle Ludwig III. and Charles III. promoted the magnates Engildeo, the Karlmann instead Arnulf made ​​to the Bavarian governor.

With Swentopluk of Great Moravia, he led for years armed conflict. 885 he graduated with a Mährerfürsten peace. Swentopluk was even the godfather of Arnulf's son Zwentibold. 890 Arnulf entered claim to Bohemia Swentopluk from.

After a successful fight against his uncle and predecessor, Charles III. Arnulf was crowned on November 11, 887 to the East Frankish king. In November 887 the suffering from epileptic seizures Charles III was. sold at a meeting in East Frankish Big Tribur (near Frankfurt am Main ) - where Arnulf had come with a stately group of Bavarians and Slavs.

One of his major East Frankish centers has now Regensburg where he built a new royal palace and went ahead with a series of imperial assemblies. After he became king, he shocked the Count Engildeo his offices and appointed instead of him Luitpold his deputy. He now had significant heritages in the Main area, Thuringia and Bavaria. Reich meetings he often summoned to Frankfurt, Tribur and Worms.

Liutward of Vercelli, the principal adviser of Charles III. to 887, had tried after his fall to win Arnulf favor, but he was not his old post back. 888 Arnulf moved to Italy to win after the death of Charles I. to Berengar devolved Italian kingship for himself. Berengar made ​​him the oath of allegiance, but lost his throne in 889 Duke Wido II of Spoleto.

Formosus had called for help Arnulf. 896 Arnulf stormed the city of Rome and took the Pope against the imperial crown. As the new emperor then suffered a stroke and therefore had to stop his campaign against Spoleto, the hatred of the Romans against the foreign Emperor showed. The body Formosos, who had crowned Arnulf, was brought out of the grave, burned and scattered his ashes in the Tiber. The Imperial Coronation of Arnulf, after his departure from Italy by Pope John IX. 898 for " void " explained.

In 888 Arnulf confirmed Odo of Paris as the West Frankish king, but 893 approved replacement by Charles the Simple to 895 then again on Odos page to swing. Only 898 Karl sat by Odos death with Arnulf endorsement by the West Frankish kingdom.

895 rendered the Bohemian princes Spytihněv I. and I. Vratislav the king allegiance. 897 paid homage to the greats of country his three year old son Louis the Child and made this loyalty. Like other Carolingian also suffered Arnulf probably epilepsy. He died in 899 on the effects of a stroke and was buried in St. Emmeram monastery in Regensburg; here and later his wife Oda and his son Louis were buried the child.

A memorial plaque for him was taken in in the Walhalla near Regensburg.

Marriage and issue

Arnulf married Oda to 888 (* 873, † after November 30 903), which probably belonged to the family of Conradines. With her he had a son:

• Ludwig IV, the child (* 893, † 911), 900 King of Ostfrankenreiches

He also had three Konkubinaten produce at least one illegitimate child:

• Zwentibold (* 870/871; † August 13 900), 895-900 King of Lotharingia, ∞ March 27 or June 13 897 Oda (* 875/880; † July 2, after 952 ), daughter of the Saxon Duke Otto the Illustrious ( Liudolfinger )
• Ellinrat ( † 24 May, after 914), kidnapped by Engelschalk II, Margrave of the Ostmark; her mother was also named Ellinrat ( † 23 May, after 914).
• Ratold (c. 889 ), 896 parvulus filius; his mother was probably the house of Wilhelminer.

Claiming Glismut, the mother of King Conrad I, was another illegitimate daughter of Arnulf, was " sufficiently refuted " in the 18th century, but is still hawked.

Swell

• Paul Kehr (Ed. ): The documents of the German Carolingians, 3 certificates Arnulf (MGH Diplomata regum Germaniae ex stirpe Karolinorum 3 ), Berlin 1940.