Biryuch
Birjutsch (Russian Бирюч ) is a small town in Belgorod Oblast (Russia) with 7846 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).
Geography
The city is located almost 130 km (air line ) east of Belgorod Oblasthauptstadt at the Tichaja Sosna, a right tributary of the Don.
Birjutsch is the administrative center of the Rajons Krasnogwardeiski.
History
The town was founded on March 8, 1705 from the Cossack Ivan Medkow under the present name, named after the canyon Birjutschja Jaruga. On 29 December 1779 he became a city as an administrative center of the governorate Ujesds Voronezh. Until the beginning of the 20th century the town remained due to its convenient location at the intersection of roads from Voronezh to Waluiki and Ostrogozhsk to Nowy Oskol regionally significant craft and trade center. After the construction of the railway line Kharkov - Pensa end of the 19th century, the economic focus of the Ujesds shifted into the 20th km to the east Alexeyevka, the logical 1918 administrative center was.
On May 6, 1922 ( according to other data already on January 27, 1919) Birjutsch was named in honor of the military commander Semyon Budjonny in ( Sloboda ) Budjonnaja (later also Budjonny or ( Selo ) Budjonnoje ) renamed and lost at the same time the city rights. In July 1928 it became the administrative center of a newly established, Rajons same name.
During World War II Budjonnoje was early July 1942, occupied by the German Wehrmacht and recaptured by troops of the Voronezh Front Red Army as part of Operation Ostrogozhsk - Rossosh in January 1943.
On January 8, 1958 Location and Rajon received the name Krasnogwardeiskoje (of Russian Krasnaya Gvardija for Red Guard ). 1975 the location of the status of an urban-type settlement was awarded again.
2005 it was decided to re- award of the city right under the historic name Birjutsch the occasion of the 300 - year celebration of the place and implemented by resolution of the State Duma on 17 January 2007.
Population Development
Note: Census data
Culture and sights
In Birjutsch the Metrophanes Church are ( Митрофановская церковь / Mitrofanowskaja Tserkov ) and the Virgin Birth Church ( церковь Рождества Богородицы / Tserkov Roschdestwa Bogoroditsy ) and a number of buildings from the 19th century obtained, the " trade rows " and the building the Semstwoverwaltung.
Nearby remains of the Belgorod line of defense from the 17th century are to be found, built along the southern boundary of the former Russian Empire.
The city has a museum of local history.
Economy and infrastructure
In Birjutsch there are companies in the food industry ( dairy, canning, bakery ) and the building materials industry.
The same railway station Birjutsch located 13 km south of the city on the route opened on this section in 1895 Kharkiv - Waluiki - Balashov - Penza ( kilometer 50 from Waluiki ). The regional road R185 Belgorod - Korotscha - Novy Oskol - Alekseevka - Rossosh bypasses the city to the north.
Personalities
- Yevgeny Pavlovsky (1884-1965), zoologist ( entomologist ); Director of the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (1942-1962), President of the Geographical Society of the USSR (1952-1964); Born in Birjutsch