CXCR6

• OMIM: 605 ​​163
• UniProt: O00574
• MGI: 1934582

CXCR6 (short for CXC motif chemokine receptor 5, also BONZO, CD186, seven transmembrane receptor-like from clone 33 ( STRL33 ), T lymphocyte -expressed seven- transmembrane domain receptor ( TYMSTR ) ) is a receptor protein of the family of chemokine receptors. This receptor is particularly present on the surface of activated T - lymphocytes. Especially high is the CXCR6 - density memory T cells and on activated Th1 helper cells and cytotoxic TC1 cells. CXCR6 is activated by a cytokine CXC motif chemokine CXCL16 and plays a role in goal-directed migration (chemotaxis ) of T cells in inflammation and in the function of the spleen. In addition, it can be used as a co- receptor for docking by the simian immunodeficiency virus ( SIV) and by various strains of human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV).

Biochemistry

Structure

CXCR6 is a transmembrane protein is selected from the group of G protein- coupled receptor encoded by a gene on chromosome 3 gene locus 3p21. CXCR6 the gene consists of two exons that are located in the intron 14 of the FYCO1 gene.

Receptor activation

CXCR6 is activated by binding of its ligand CXCL16. After activation of the receptor is forwarded the signal via Gi- proteins. Furthermore, the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K ), the PIP3 -dependent kinase 1 ( PDK -1), the protein kinase B, which IkB - kinase and NF-KB are activated.

Function

CXCR6 and its ligand CXCL16 are responsible in particular for the targeted migration of T lymphocytes. Due to the proliferation- promoting action on smooth muscle cells of blood vessels and recruitment of T lymphocytes play a role in atherosclerosis is suspected. On the other hand the ligand CXCR6 CXCL16 has arterioprotektive properties.

Like many other chemokine receptors CXCR6 may serve as a co- receptor for docking and entry of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV ) and HIV virus type 1 (HIV -1).