Desulfobacterales
The Desulfobacterales form an order of sulfate-reducing bacteria within the delta Proteobacteria. Bacteria with the preceding syllable desulfo - in names are usually Desulfurizierer and reduce sulfate to sulfide ( hydrogen sulphide). Like all Proteobacteria are the members of this order Gram- negative.
Appearance
Until the 80s, sulfate-reducing bacteria were anaerobically as strict ( obligate ), so only under complete exclusion of oxygen viable considered. Since the last two decades is taken from this idea more and more distance. Recent research results have shown that Desulfurizierer tolerate oxygen and continue to use even under the influence of oxygen sulfate as an energy source
System
Desulfurizierer appear in many bacteria, phylogenetically widely separated lines of the domain. This pathway has therefore probably more times independently in evolution. In the Proteobacteria you can still find him in the orders Desulfovibrionales and Syntrophobacterales. Desulfurikation in the Phylum Thermodesulfobacteria and in the order Clostridiales the Department Firmicutes still occurs ( genus Desulfotomaculum ). Also in the Archaea domain Desulfurizierer can be found, for example, the genus Archaeglobus.
In the also the Delta group belonging orders Desulfuromonadales and Desulfurellales you find sulfur-reducing species. They can not reduce sulfate, only elemental sulfur and thiosulfate are used as a power source of these types. Therefore, here the prefix desulfur, it refers to the elemental sulfur (sulfur ).
The Desulfobacterales include three families:
- Desulfobacteraceae Küver et al. 2006
- Desulfobulbaceae Küver et al. 2006
- Desulfarculaceae Küver et al. 2006