French Sudan

French Sudan (French Soudan Français) was a French colony in West Africa that had two periods of existence. The first ranged from 1890 to 1902 and the second from 1920 until 1960. Subsequently, the area under the name of Mali became independent.

Time as a colony

On September 9, 1880, a French territory was established and renamed on August 18, 1890 in French Sudan, whose capital was in the Kayes area of ​​the later French Sudan as the Upper Senegal. After integration into French West Africa in 1895 French Sudan was split on October 10, 1899; eleven southern provinces went to French Guinea, the Ivory Coast and Dahomey, although two were returned the following year. As of October 17, 1899 Bamako was the capital of the territory. 1894 was the French conquest of Timbuktu, 1898 by Sikasso.

In 1902 the non-organized into military districts, parts of the colony to Senegambia and Niger, 1904 Upper Senegal and Niger. In 1920 a reorganization and the old name came back. From 1920, French Sudan had the boundaries of present-day Mali.

As Upper Volta was dissolved in 1933 for the first time ( in 1947 it was re-established ), some provinces French Sudan were allocated.

Independence

According to the French constitutional referendum of 4 October 1958, the " République Soudanaise " was a member of the French Community; acquired on 25 November 1958, the former colony internal independence.

On April 4, 1959 French Sudan was combined with Senegal to Mali Federation, which was finally independent within the French Community on 20 June 1960. The Federation broke up on 20 August 1960, when Senegal parted from her. The Republic of Mali was proclaimed on 22 September 1960 at the former French Sudan, which exited the French Community.