Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor

  • CAS Number: 83869-56-1

GM -CSF (of English. Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor ) is a glycoprotein that acts as a cytokine in the mammals.

It is released in the body of immune cells and the endothelium into the blood. In culture, it can cause the differentiation of progenitor cells in the bone marrow granulocytes and macrophages. In animals, a differentiation into granulocytes and macrophages is also possible without GM-CSF, albeit much less appropriate cells are formed.

GM-CSF, is also part of the immune response to antigens and mitogens.

Apparently there are at GM -CSF as a T -cell cytokine is a necessary factor for the development of autoimmune inflammatory reactions such as those occur in multiple sclerosis. It also encouraged the immigration of this tissue damaging phagocytes in the central nervous system.

In animal experiments it could be demonstrated that neutralization of GM- CSF prevents the onset of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( the animal model of multiple sclerosis) and may result in already infected animals to healing. This neutralization process is currently being tested in multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis affected people.

Medicine

Recombinantly produced GM-CSF is sargramostim and molgramostim as components of drugs for immune stimulation; The main application is in the treatment of neutropenia after radiotherapy. A variant of the GM -CSF was associated with a risk for atopic asthma.

Dendritic cells for immunotherapy are usually obtained from monocytes of the patient by culture in GM-CSF and IL-4. In the combination immunotherapy GM -CSF is administered together with immunizing agents with success.

Human Genome Organisation CAS registry number Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System DrugBank Immunostimulant Cellular differentiation Cancer immunotherapy Digital Object Identifier Nature Immunology Cancer Research (journal)
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