Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne
Henry Charles Keith Petty - FitzMaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, KG, GCSI, GCMG, GCIE, PC ( born January 14, 1845 † June 3, 1927 ) was Governor General of Canada, Viceroy of India and British Foreign Secretary.
Life
Petty - FitzMaurice was born into a family which had produced several Whig politicians, including the Prime Minister William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne. After he had attended Eton College and then studied at the University of Oxford, he inherited at the age of 21 years by his father, whose title of nobility including the related seat in the House of Lords.
In 1868 he took a post at the first time as a member of the government under the Liberal government under William Ewart Gladstone. Until 1880 he held a variety of posts at medium level of government. This year, he resigned in protest against Gladstone's Irish policy.
1883 to 1888 he was Governor General of Canada. He was regarded as an able Governor-General, the zuführte a dispute with the United States of America on fishing rights of a peaceful solution. Petty - FitzMaurice traveled with his wife a lot in the country, particularly in the unspoilt west. During his tenure, the Northwest Rebellion and the subsequent protest fell to their leader Louis Riel. He was then to 1893 Viceroy of India.
After he returned to England, took Petty - FitzMaurice, now as a Tory, under the Salisbury office of Minister of War. On November 12, 1900, he took on the leadership of the Foreign Ministry. Through the agreements with Japan 1902 ( Anglo - Japanese Alliance) and with France 1904 ( Entente Cordiale ) he ended the isolation of Great Britain. His term in office continued to fell the Dogger Bank incident, which was a severe test for the British- Russian relations. On December 4, 1905 Lansdowne resigned from his post. His successor was the Liberal Edward Grey.
After the Liberal election victory of 1906, he was conservative opposition leader in the House of Lords. In 1915 he was in the war coalition minister without fixed duties. After clashes with David Lloyd George he put this resigned in December 1916. Once again, he was active in November 1917, when a letter was printed by him in the Daily Telegraph, in which he advised for a negotiated peace with Germany. Although this proposal met with broad approval among the population, in the government but with unanimous rejection.
Family
Petty - FitzMaurice married in 1869 Lady Maud Evelyn Hamilton, a daughter of James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Abercorn. The couple had two sons and two daughters. The eldest son succeeded him in the title, as Petty - FitzMaurice died in 1927. His wife survived him; she died in 1932.