Hyaluronidase

• UniProt: Q12794

Hyaluronidases are enzymes, hyaluronic acid, an important component of the extracellular matrix in connective tissue, break down. Depending on which bond is cleaved, is hydrolases or lyases. The former are formed in animals, viruses and bacteria, the latter only in bacteria. There are five of these hydrolases (also called chondroitinases ) in humans known. Their function is still being researched. Mutations in HYAL1 gene can cause mucopolysaccharidosis type 9 ( MPS9 ). Hyal - PH20 sitting on the semen and helps in penetrating the protective shell around the egg.

History

Were discovered hyaluronidases as a virulence factor of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. By hyaluronidase S. aureus is able to dissolve connective tissue surrounding it to penetrate more deeply into the host can.

Function

Hyaluronidase is discharged from a specific part of the sperm, the acrosomal to then dissolve the egg together with other enzymes and the intercellular cell contacts the cells of the corona radiata and to allow the penetration of the sperm into the ovum.

Use

The catalyzed reaction makes you look in the treatment of wounds advantage that tend to contractions or premature closure ( in the so-called secondary healing). An artificially produced enzyme preparation is placed in the wound and preventing the coalescence of the connective tissue. Manufacturers of these products also promote widespread applications in the musculoskeletal system, which yes is next to the bones and muscles and connective tissue.

For some medications, it is used as an adjuvant, so that they can diffuse into the tissue more easily.

Classification

The hydrolytic hyaluronidases ( EC 3.2.1.35 ) form the family 56 in the classification of glycosidases by Henrissat.

Trade names

Hylase (D, A)

Lido - Hyal (CH)