Ibn Manzur
Ibn Manzur, full name Muhammad ibn Mukarram ibn Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Manzur al - Ansari al - Misri al - Ifriqi al - Chazradschi Dschamaladin Abu al -Fadl (Arabic: محمد بن مكرم بن علي بن أحمد بن منظور الأنصري الإفريقي المصري الخزرجي جمال الدين. . أبو الفضل, DMG Muḥammad ʿ Alī b b b Mukarram Aḥmad ibn Manzur al - Ansari al - Misri al - Ifrīqī al - Dīn Abū Ḫazraǧī Ǧamāl ad - l -Fadl, .. * June or July 1233, † December 1311 or January 1312 in Cairo ) was the Arabic lexicographer and author of Lisan al-Arab.
Biography
Ibn Manzur was born in 1233, was a moderate Shiite and led his ancestry to Ruwaifi ʿ b. Thabit al - Ansari back, which was 668 Arab governor of Tripoli. Ibn Hajar says that he was just there Qadi and spent his life as a civil servant in the Diwan al - insha ', a law firm that, among other things was responsible for correspondence, archiving and copies. Fück therefore presumed him with Muḥammad b. To identify Mukarram, the (so-called Kuttab al - insa ʾ ) was one of the secretaries of the institution under Qalawun. According to Brockelmann, he studied philology. He devoted his life with excerpts from works of historical philology. He should have left 500 volumes of this work. He died at the turn of 1311/1312 in Cairo.
Writings
Lisan al-Arab
The Lisan al-Arab ( لسان العرب, DMG Lisan al - ʿ Arab) was completed in 1290 by Ibn Manzur and is next to the Taj al - Arus of Ibn Murtada († 1790/1791 ) with 20 volumes ( in the most cited Cairene edition ) the best-known and most comprehensive dictionary of the Arabic language. As authoritative sources him are the Tahdib al -Luga of the Azhari, the muhkam of Ibn Sida, the Nihāya of Dahabí and Ǧauharīs Sihah and the purpose written by Ibn Barri glosses ( Kitaab at- Tanbīh wa-l - Idah ). He also followed the Sihah in the roots arrangement: The lemmas are not as in today Semitic Philology usual following the alphabetical order of the radicals ( also root consonants ) ordered, but after the last radical - which greatly facilitates finding rhyming endings. Furthermore, the Lisan al-Arab distinguished by the fact that although, not or rarely but are called the direct sources of their references. The so difficult Understand the lexicographic development corrected by researching the sources, however, Ibn al - Murtada in Taj Arus, which goes back again to the Lisan. The Lisan was printed by Ignatius d' Ohsson in the 18th century in Istanbul, and thus quite early for the Islamic world.
Issues ( among others )
- Al - ʿ a al - Kubra Maṭba al - Amiriya, Bulak 1883-1890 (20 volumes).
- Dar Sadir, Beirut 1955-1956 ( 15 volumes ).
Other
- Ahbar Abī Nuwas, a bio - bibliography of the Arab- Persian poet Abu Nuwas; printed (with commentary by Muhammad Abd al- Rasul ) in 1924 in Cairo and published by M. Ahmad Shukri, 1952, in Baghdad.
- Mukhtasar ta ʾ Rih Madīnat Dimašq l - Ibn ʿ Asaakir, summary of the history of Damascus by Ibn ʿ Asaakir.
- Mukhtasar ta ʾ Rih Madīnat Baġdād li -s- Sam ʿ ani, summary of the history of Baghdad by al- Sam ʿ ani († January 1167 ).
- Mukhtasar al - ʿ Ǧāmi Mufradāt, summary of the treatise on medicinal and food of al - Baitar.
- Muhtar al - Pagani fi - l - Ahbar wa -t - Tahani, a selection of songs; printed in 1927 in Cairo.
- Niṯār al -Azhar fī al - layl wa-al -Nahar, a short astronomical treatise on day and night as well as stars and star signs; printed in 1880 in Istanbul.
- Taḏkirāt al - Labib wa - Nuzhat al - Adib (if after Fück identical to Muḥammad b. Mukarram ), served al - Qalqaschandi as the source.
Swell
- Carl Brockelmann: History of Arabic Literature. Volume II, Brill, Leiden ² 1943, pp. 21f. (online ) and Supplement Volume II, Brill, Leiden 1938, pp. 14f.
- Johann W. Fück: Art Ibn Manzur, in: Encyclopaedia of Islam ² III (1971 ), p 864
- Jörg Krämer: studies on ancient Arabic lexicography: After Istanbul and Berlin manuscripts, in: Oriens 6 (1953 ), pp. 230f.
- Fuat Sezgin: History of the Arab writing. Volumes I -IX, Brill, Leiden 1964-1987.
Footnotes
- Lexicographer
- Golden Age of Islam
- Arab
- Born in 1233
- Died in the 14th century
- Man