Julia (river)
The Julia on the Julier Pass
Savognin
The river Juliet or, Romansh, Gelgia in the Swiss canton of Grisons rises in the territory of the Julier Pass ( 2'284 m above sea level. M. ) and flows through the valley Above stone (Romansh Surses ), which ends with the gorge Crap Ses. The Julia is with a water flow of 10.5 m³ / s and a length of 37.5 km the largest tributary of the Albula, in which it flows at low Castel.
Course and valley landscape
The Gelgia collects from the effluents of several small Moränenstauseen in the spacious, south-facing open Val d' Agnel below Piz d' Agnel ( 3'205 m above sea level. M. ). Upon reaching the Talung that has left from the Upper Engadine over the Julier Pass the glacial transfluency, swings the Bach one for about five kilometers to the west.
The stretched then running north- north-west valley of Julia begins and ends with one of the cross roads. At the beginning of the spacious valley landscape of the Above stone from the east, from the Julier Pass herabkommede road meets both the earlier even more important Passweg from situated in the south Septimer ( Pass da Sett ), as well as on the path through the Stallerberg from the western neighboring valley of Avers Rhine comes down. Where branching paths, is the place Bivio, mentioned in the 9th century as stabulum bivio (stall at the crossroads ).
At the narrow outlet of the valley, over the mouth of Julia in the Albula, the castle of Castel deep guarded the point where the road crosses from the valley of Julia heavier passable valley of the Albula and rises again towards the upper valley of Lenzerheide. This valley is apparently the Valley of Julia north towards the Alpine Rhine continued.
The Valley of Julia has two distinctive, created by ice-age glaciers levels of the valley. The upper valley slopes between Rona and Tinizong drops to 180 meters. The valley area below is called Sotgôt ( below the forest ), that about Surgôt (above the forest ). The lower valley slopes begins with the rugged rocky outcroppings of Crap Ses (rock rock ), which is also known as Conterser stone. It separates the Surses ( ' above stone ') from Sutses in the Albula valley. At this stage the Julia tost to three kilometers in a straight line down three hundred meters.
Use of hydropower
The Julia is because Marmorera passed at Marmorera Lai, a reservoir that was created to generate electricity. The Erdschüttdamm Castiletto as well as all of the following plants in Juliertal are part of the power plants means frets belonging to the electricity plant in the city of Zurich ( EWZ ). The water from the reservoir is pressure tunnel first supplied to the power plant Tinizong and then the power plant Tiefencastel East, which works in tandem with Tinizong. In parallel, the residual water of Julia and other tributaries is taken in the reservoir Burvagn and headed to the power plant Tiefencastel West.
In Tiefencastel worked off the waters of Albula is returned, but dammed again shortly afterwards at Solas and derived for energy.
Etymology
The river name is derived from both its German and Romansh in its variant of the name Julier Pass or Pass digl Gelgia, which in turn might * julo ' yoke Pass' goes back to Celtic. This includes the 1524 testified German variant daz Gilgen water.
Are As with many other bodies of water and gave it to Julia another name. In the local dialect of the valley ( occupied for the communities Riom, Savognin and Tinizong - Rona ) he is called Ragn, so Rhein - like so many other tributaries waters also. The designation Above Steiner Rhine was also known in the German nor the end of the 19th century. Nicolin Sererhard used in his 1742 description of the Grisons printed next to the name Above Steiner country water. Note, however, that Ragn in Bünderromanischen or pure and maximum Alemannic land water (see Water Country (Albula ), under Linguistic ) not only as a name, but also as an appellative for ' Talfluss ' occur.