Legio II Flavia Constantia

The Legio II Flavia Constantia was a legion of late ancient Roman army, which was erected around 296/297 and lasted until the 5th century. The name of the Legion takes on the Caesar Flavius ​​Valerius Constantius and later co-emperor ( 293-306 ) reference. The emblem of the Legion is not known.

History of the Legion

The Legio II Flavia Constantia and her sister legion Legio I Maximiana were 296 or 297 set up by Diocletian to secure the newly built in the division of the province of Aegyptus province of Thebaid ( Upper Egypt ).

According to recent research, the Legio II Flavia Constantia was involved in the construction of the legionary camp at Thebes / Luxor and had there together with the Legio I Maximiana their first permanent camp. The Legio II Flavia Constantia was later to Cusae (Greek:, today Al- Qusiyya Qusay ) relocated, where they had their main camp until the 5th century.

The situation in Upper Egypt remained restless, so that in the year 297/298 Diocletian himself led a campaign that brought him as far as Elephantine. It probably Legio II Traiana Fortis vexillations the Legio III and Diocletiana to gain from the province of Aegyptus Iovia were introduced (western Nile Delta ). The soldiers of the Legio II Flavia Constantia were as limitanei ( Border Legion ) classified as probably in the course of the reforms of the Emperor Theodosius I ( 379-395 ), which was split off Legio II Flavia Constantia Thebaeorum as comitatenses ( field army ). The occasion gave operations on the Danube, under the Treaty of 382 Goths were received into the Roman army as Foederati and partly sent to Egypt, while Roman troops, the so-called Aiguptioi ( Egyptians ) were transferred to the Danube.

Around the year 400 was under the Legio II Flavia Constantia Thebaeorum as comitatenses the command of the Magister militum per Orientum and was stationed under the Dux Thebaidos in Cusae. She was still in the 6th century and was probably smashed only in the context of the Persian invasion of Egypt 619.

Myth of the Theban Legion

The legions II Flavia Constantia and I Maximiana come as a possible "candidate " for a historic center for those in Christian martyrs reports of the early Middle Ages an important role playing Theban Legion ( Legio thebaica ) into consideration, but the Legion is not historically comprehensible and in the area to refer to the legend.

Caesar (title) Egypt (Roman province) Legio III Diocletiana Zosimus Legio I Adiutrix Legio I Armeniaca Legio I Germanica Legio I Iovia Legio I Italica Legio I Isaura Sagittaria Legio I Macriana liberatrix Legio I Minervia Legio I Parthica Legio II Adiutrix Legio II Armeniaca Legio II Augusta Legio II Flavia Virtutis Legio II Herculia Legio II Italica Legio II Isaura Legio II Parthica Legio III Augusta Legio III Cyrenaica Legio III Gallica Legio III Isaura Legio III Italica Legio III Parthica Legio IV Flavia Felix Legio IV Italica Legio IV Macedonica Legio IV Scythica Legio V Alaudae Legio V Iovia Legio VI Ferrata Legio VI Herculia Legio VI Victrix Legio VII Claudia Legio VII Gemina Legio VIII Augusta Legio XI Claudia Legio XIII Gemina Legio XIV Gemina Legio XV Apollinaris Legio XV Primigenia Legio XVI Flavia Firma Legio XVI Gallica Legio XVII Legio XVIII Legio XIX Legio XX Valeria Victrix Legio XXI Rapax Legio XXII Deiotariana Legio XXII Primigenia Legio XXX Ulpia Victrix Jovians and Herculians
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