Let L-410 Turbolet
The Let L -410 Turbolet is a light twin-engined short-range transport aircraft from Czechoslovakian production.
History
(Now - LET Aircraft Industries ) In 1966 the Czechoslovak LET began under the direction of Ladislav Smrcek with the design and development of a small and light transport aircraft. The twin-engined high-wing monoplane with the prototype designation XL -410 ( ID OK -60, OK - YKE later ) completed on April 16, 1969, Vladimir Vlk and Frantisek Svinka on board its first flight. The certification program has been completed on 31 March 1971. In 1972, the factory in Kunovice series production.
As the engine of its own design not in time was completed, was the equipment of the first series L- 410A with imported Turboproptriebwerken type Pratt & Whitney PT6A. After starting in 1973 with the Walter M601 engine was a drive from its own production available, the series L- 410M went with this engine in production, but was soon blocked by the use of the more powerful engine version M601A in version L- 410mA, replaced. On November 1, 1977, the L- 410UVP flew for the first time and was delivered from 1979.
The L -410 is one of the most successful short-haul and feeder aircraft that have been produced in versions A, AF, AS, M, FG, MA, T, EIA, EIA and EIA E - E20. The production figures include more than 1,138 aircraft delivered, including 31 L- 410A, L- 110, 410M and 560 L- 410 UVP -E. From these aircraft, more than 400 machines could be found, according to the manufacturer, in 2012 in more than 50 countries on all five continents. The largest single customer was the Soviet Aeroflot, which took over from 1974 to 1994 alone 652 machines in the M and EIA and put them in their region Aldi rectorates. She sat down in a tender of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance against the Beriev Be -32 by, thus the machine came in almost all member countries of the CMEA used.
A further development of the L- 410, L- 610.
New Generation
LET has begun to revise the L- 410. The new version is referred to as L -410 NG and has revised wing, a revised fuselage and new engines. 66% of the construction was taken over by the L- 410UVP - E20.
The M601 engines are thereby replaced by General Electric H80, an evolution of the M601. The engine develops 800 WPS about 10 % more. In particular, the compressor and the materials used in the combustion chamber has been updated or changed. The size of the engine did not change it, the fuel consumption is about 5 % lower. Furthermore, new five-blade propeller of the type AV 725 are used, which are more efficient due to their shape and have a core of aluminum, which ( with a steel core) reduced the weight by 6 kg over the old propellers.
In the wings LET cooperated with the small aircraft manufacturers Evektor, these are designed for 20,000 hours of flight time, contain significantly enlarged integral tanks and wingtip tanks. Thus, the tank capacity increases from 990 to 2050 kg without and 2,450 with wing tanks, the range to 2500 km and the maximum flight duration doubles from four and a half to nine hours.
In the cell, the nose landing gear was extended and the amplified together with Aero Vodochody, so that the maximum take-off weight increased to 7 tons. The passenger capacity is unchanged (19 people).
The first flight of an L- 410UVP - E20 with the GE H80 engine was held in November 2011 in which production is this configuration since January 2013. During the year 2013, the first flight of the NG version is to take place, so that these 2014 may be approved by the EASA. LET plans to launch series production of L- 410NG of the year 2014/2015.
Civil use
The interflight bought in 1982 and 1983 six L- 410UVP ( identifiers DDR - SXA to SXF ), which she used to create aerial imagery for geological Erkungung and preparation of topographical records. To a lesser extent, the aircraft were also converted to VIP aircraft and used as commuter category airplanes the Leipzig Trade Fair. Even as a medical aircraft completed the L -410 at home and abroad, some inserts. After reunification, the aircraft went to the aficionados D COXA to D - COXF at the Berlin Special Flight ( BSF ), which they but due to lack of orders resold soon.
Moreover, the machine is in operation for many smaller companies.
Military user
Among the military users of the L -410 include or included, in particular the air forces of the countries of the former Warsaw Pact and its successor states, such as
Which this type even after the end of the Cold War often continue to operate. Other countries in which the pattern is or was in the service are mostly countries that can entertain no major air transport capacity ( for financial reasons ) or must:
Use with German air forces
In the GDR, the L -410 was used in the version MSRP of the National People's Army. Four L -410 variant of the salon came in 1980 to connect Squadron 14 (VS -14) in Strausberg and were provided with the numbers 317-320, used for VIP flights from higher officials. From 1981 to 1983 eight more machines (313, 316, 321, 323-327 ) were added to the transport version. These were used during transport flight training squadron 45 (TAS -45) at the Officers School of the LSK / LV Kamenz for the training of transport pilots for the An- 26th
With the reunification of Germany with all L -410 were included in the inventory of the armed forces. The twelve aircraft were first used by then Lufttransportgeschwader 65 and the flight readiness of the Ministry of Defense. They wore the identifiers 53 01 to 53 12. Six L- 410 of the TAS- 45 was soon made it to Estonia, Lithuania and Latvia, the other two also sold. June 7, 1995 crashed one of the two L -410 of the Latvian Armed Forces - the former 325 - near Lielvārde from, the two -man crew was killed. The last four machines of the former VS -14 from the identifier 53 09 continued to be used even after the dissolution of the LTG 65 in June 1993 and published by Neuhardenberg on the airfields of the Air Mission. The last L -410 of the Bundeswehr in 2000 provided as part of the fleet adjustment out of service. The aircraft with the identifier 53 10 (ex 318, ex OK -164 ) can now be visited in the Air Force Museum Berlin- Gatow.
Versions
- L- 410: built pre-series, three piece
- L- 410A: First series with Pratt & Whitney PT6A27 engines, twelve piece built L- 410AB: Conversion of three-bladed propeller to four-leaf
- L- 410AF: For photo tasks with a glazed nose in July 1974 Hungary delivered copy ( ID: HA- YFA, serial number 03-03 )
- L- 410AG: Altered and modified equipment
- L- 410AS: small series of five aircraft, to test delivered to the USSR
- L- 410AM: version called M601B with improved engines, also known as L- 410mA or L- 410MU
- L- 410UVP -S: Salon variant of the UVP with upward hinged entrance hatch
- L- 410UVP - E: Conversion to Walter M601E engines, five-bladed Avia - V -510 propeller, extra fuel tanks on wing tips.
- L- 410T: Transport variant of the UVP with larger loading hatch (1.25 m × 1.46 m), capable of carrying a 1,000 kg cargo container as a medical aircraft carrying six and a paramedic, as Absetzflugzeug twelve skydivers or as a transporter.