Ludwig Hermann Plate

Ludwig Hermann Plate ( born August 16, 1862 in Bremen, † November 16, 1937 in Jena ) was a German zoologist, Social Darwinist and from 1909 professor in Jena; He wrote works on inheritance and evolutionary theory.

Life

Plate studied mathematics and natural sciences in Bonn, Munich and Jena. In 1885 he published his thesis "Contributions to the natural history of rotifers ". He was a student of Ernst Haeckel and was encouraged by him. As Haeckel he was organized in the German Monist League and was one of its founders. The state exam for teachers at secondary schools (1887 ) was followed in 1888 his habilitation in Marburg. 1896/97 he spent a year working as an assistant of the Zoological Institute of the University of Berlin. In 1898, he was professor of zoology at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Berlin. There he was promoted in 1901 to the scientific officer at the Museum of Oceanography and 1905 as an associate professor of zoology at the University of Agriculture. Influenced by Haeckel was eugenics or racial hygiene of particular interest to Plate. In 1904, the first issue of the journal appeared Archive for racial and social biology including racial and social hygiene. This work has been collected and published on the subject of eugenics and promoted a comprehensive scientific exchange. Editor and founder were among other Plate, Alfred Ploetz, Ernst Rudin and Anastasius north wood. The magazine saw itself in the course as an institution, which was founded in Berlin in 1905 the German Society for Racial Hygiene. As the successor to Ernst Haeckel's Plate held in 1909, the Office of the Director of the Zoological Institute and the Phyletic Museum in Jena. In 1934 his retirement.

Plate traveled for research purposes to the West Indies, South America and the Red Sea.

Work

Plate was among the opinion leaders who actively promoted anti-Semitism before the time of National Socialism and actively transpose. So the Jena Klinikerschaft already decided the end of 1922 the first four banks of their auditorium reserved only Aryans. In a lecture in 1924 Plate alleged. " The Jewish question is undoubtedly a question of race and therefore belongs in a zoological lecture It is my duty to point out the basis of the facts that the Jews as a race or as a people, although some good qualities, but very much more have bad, and that therefore strongly advise of a mixture of Jews and Aryans is. every teacher should be both an educator, and as a race and heredity, it is (...) my duty to educate my audience to racial pride and racial consciousness. " In these remarks was a disciplinary procedure against legal Plate, which ended in an acquittal. Plate relied on the independence claim of the professors. A general ban on Jews at the University of Jena, as required by Plate, at that time did not yet prevail.

1930 Plate published under the title of feminism under the guise of science, a diatribe against Mathilde Vaerting, one of the first two women who received a professorship in Germany. Vaerting was appointed in 1923 to the " full professor " for teaching in Jena. Plates tireless attempts to combat it and to draw their competence in doubt, ultimately resulted after the seizure of power by the Nazis in 1933 in her dismissal from the university service.

Works

  • About the importance of Darwinian Selectionspricips and problems of speciation, Plate, Ludwig 2nd ed Leipzig, 1903
  • (Ed.): Ultramontane belief and modern life skills, Orthodoxy and monism: the views of the Jesuit Father Erich Wasmann and held against him in Berlin speeches, Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1907
  • Selection principle and problems of speciation, a manual of Darwinism. 3, very increased edition, Plate, Ludwig, publisher Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig 1908
  • The present state of the theory of evolution, plate, Ludwig, Leipzig, 1909
  • Genetics (manuals theory of descent ), Plate, Ludwig, published by W. Engelmann, Leipzig, 1913
  • Guide the theory of descent. Reprinted from the ' Dictionary of the natural sciences '. Vol 2, Plate, Ludwig, Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena, 1913
  • Feminism under the guise of science, Plate, Ludwig, in: Gender character and strength of the people. Basic problems of feminism. Darmstadt / Leipzig in 1930
  • Guide to the Museum of evolutionary theory ( Phyletisches Museum ), University of Jena, Plate, Ludwig, publication of the Phyletic Museum in 1933
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