Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach

Marie Ebner von Eschenbach Dame (* September 13, 1830 at Castle Zdislawitz at Kremsier in Moravia, † March 12 1916 in Vienna) was an Austrian writer and, with its psychological narratives as one of the most important German-speaking storytellers of the 19th century.

  • 2.1 Current issues (selection)

Life

Childhood and youth

Marie von Ebner -Eschenbach, born Baroness Dubský, from 1843 Countess, was the daughter of Baron Franz Dubský, from 1843 Graf Dubský, and his second wife, Baroness Marie von Vockel. Father's side, it has its roots in ancient Bohemian Catholic noble family of Dubský of Třebomyslice. Mother's side she is descended from the family of the Saxon- Protestant family Vockel. She had six siblings.

Shortly after her birth her ​​mother died. Your first step-mother, Eugénie Bartenstein, to which they had a close relationship, she lost as a child of seven. Three years later, married Marie's father in fourth marriage, the Countess Xaverine Kolowrat Krakowsky, a highly educated woman. Even with their second stepmother Marie used an intimate relationship. This recognized and promoted the literary talent of her stepdaughter. While the family several months each year living in Vienna, Xaverine took her stepdaughter often with the Burgtheater and gave her literary suggestions.

At age eleven, Marie was given the task to classify the books of their deceased grandmother in the library in Zdislawitz. It already developed her interest in education. She read at its option, without cable or disorder. Through this self-teaching, she was saved from faith in authority, and it developed her free spirit and independence of all metaphysics.

The summer months spent Marie with her family at the castle in Zdislawitz, and in winter they lived in Vienna. Many different people took to the education Maries at: maternal her grandmother, paternal aunt Helen, Czech maids and German and French governesses. Consequently, they had the good fortune to be able to learn different languages: German, French and Czech, where French was the mother tongue.

As nobles Ebner -Eschenbach benefited from the fact that they lived on the middle-class, this could look over and received a wide view on state conditions early. With the description of her familiar aristocracy, she opened as a poet, a new poetic territory, in which they also found many imitators.

Partnership

1848, at eighteen, Marie married her cousin Moritz von Ebner -Eschenbach, the son of her aunt Helen. She moved to her fifteen years older man after Klosterbruck (Czech: Louka ) in Znojmo in Moravia. Her husband was himself also an educated man and supported Mary in her writers urge. Moritz von Ebner -Eschenbach was a professor at the Engineering Academy in Vienna physics and chemistry, later he became field marshal lieutenant and member of the Military Academy. The marriage between Mary and her cousin remained childless.

Playwright and novelist

1856 she moved permanently to Vienna, where she graduated in 1879 as a watchmaker training, which was then unusual for a woman. She collected form watches; The collection is located in the Clock Museum in Vienna. Over time, they turned not to the literature. For almost twenty years, she wrote dramas (Society plays and comedies ), inspired by Friedrich von Schiller, but were not successful. After she had operated with little success as a playwright, she could attract attention in 1876 with her first short novel Bozena, which had been printed in the Deutsche Rundschau, up. She was now trying to be a writer, which proved to be a good decision due to the success. With works such as the aphorisms (1880 ) and their village and castle stories succeeded, finally, the final breakthrough. The latter included her best-known novel Krambambuli. Now you focused on her narrative poems in which one finds important elements of their social thought and its political consciousness.

Literary success

After she had her story Lotti 1880 published the watchmaker, you welcomed them into publishers. In 1887 she published her novel The community child, to this day has a great importance in the literature. Marie von Ebner- Eschenbach's fame took over time to such an extent that even their 70th and 80th birthday was celebrated thoroughly in Austria and Germany.

All her life she fought against the established ideas of their time. You did not write about in order to finance the family's upkeep, but rather with the inspiration and conviction, their writings could change the thoughts of their time. Their intention was to convey morality and humanism.

Although von Ebner- Eschenbach was a co-founder of an association to combat anti-Semitism, she could of the related stereotypes ( physiognomy, improper transactions, marked by materialism thinking) in the description of Jewish secondary characters in their works is not completely free.

From 1890 Marie von Ebner- Eschenbach found with their dialogic novels their dramatic writing style. Their works Without Love ( 1888) and the end (1895 ) she scored in Berlin on the outdoor stage with great success. 1898 she was awarded the highest civilian honor in Austria, the Cross of Honour for Arts and Letters Award. 1900 she was awarded the first female honorary doctorate from the University of Vienna.

1898 her husband died. After 1899 she made ​​several trips to Italy and in 1906 published her memoirs My childhood years.

Marie von Ebner- Eschenbach died on 12 March 1916 at the age of 85 years in Vienna and has been in the family vault of the Earls Dubský in Zdislawitz, buried. The mausoleum in which is now part of the Czech Republic location is not accessible. The Zdislawitz castle is left to decay, there is no plaque commemorating the great poet.

In her honor, a plaque at the University of Vienna in Vienna was attached and the Ebner -Eschenbach - named park in Vienna Waehring. The Austrian Post published on the occasion of its 50th (1966) and 75th (1991 ) anniversary of the death in each case a special stamp, the German Post on the occasion of her 150th birthday (1980). The Portrait Ebner- Eschenbach should also show the front of the 5000 -shilling bank note series of 1997, but then only 500 of the - were and 1000 shilling note issued.

Works

  • Hirzepinzchen. A fairy tale. Illustrated by Robert Weise. Union German Verlagsgesellschaft, Stuttgart / Berlin / Leipzig oJ
  • From Lazne. 6 epistles of any prophet. Lorck, Leipzig 1858.
  • Mary Stuart in Scotland. Drama in five acts. Ludwig Mayer, Vienna 1860.
  • The violets. Comedy in one act. Wallishausser, Vienna 1861.
  • Marie Roland. Tragedy in 5 lifts. Wallishausser, Vienna 1867.
  • Doctor Knight. Dramatic poem in an elevator. Jasper, Vienna 1869.
  • The Princess of Banalien. A fairy tale. Rosner, Vienna 1872.
  • The Waldfräulein. In 1873.
  • Bozena. Narrative. Cotta, Stuttgart 1876.
  • The Barons of Gemperlein. In 1878.
  • Lotti, the watchmaker. In: German Rundschau. In 1880.
  • Aphorisms. Franz Ebhardt, Berlin 1880.
  • Village and castle stories. 1883 ( narratives, in the district physician, Jacob Szela, Krambambuli, The resel, The Poetry of the unconscious ).
  • Two countesses. Franz Ebhardt, Berlin 1885 ( story ).
  • New village and castle stories. Paetel, Berlin 1886 ( narratives, in The Misunderstood in the village, he let kiss the hand, The Good Moon).
  • The municipal child. 1887 ( novel).
  • Inexpiable. Narrative. Paetel, Berlin, 1890.
  • Three novellas. 1892 ( in Overberg ).
  • Faithless? Narrative. Paetel, Berlin 1893.
  • The harmful. The dead guard. Two narratives. Paetel, Berlin 1894.
  • Captain Brand. Bertram Vogelweid. Two narratives. Paetel, Berlin 1896.
  • Old school. Paetel, Berlin 1897 ( narratives, is a ban, The Fink, A Vision, Shadow Life, Lost ).
  • At the end. Scene in one lift. Bloch, Berlin 1897.
  • From late autumn days. Narratives. Paetel, Berlin, 1901. ( In the preference students Maslans woman, Miss Suzanne's Christmas Eve, to burn unopened, Travel Companions, The Spitzin, in the last hour, an original, the visit)
  • Agave. Paetel, Berlin 1903 (novel).
  • The invincible power. Two narratives. Paetel, Berlin 1905.
  • My childhood years. Biographical sketches. Paetel, Berlin, 1906.
  • Indian summer. Paetel, Berlin, 1909.

Recent issues (selection)

  • Aphorisms. ( = Reclam Universal-Bibliothek. Tape 8455 ). Reclam, Ditzingen 2004, ISBN 3-15-008455-5; Island -Taschenbuch, Frankfurt 2008, ISBN 978-3-458-08543-0.
  • The community child ( = Reclam Universal-Bibliothek. Tape 8056 ). Reclam, Ditzingen 2004, ISBN 978-3-15-008056-6
  • Krambambuli. Library of the province, Weitra 2003, ISBN 3-85252-097-5.
  • Krambambuli and Other Stories ( = Reclam Universal-Bibliothek. Tape 7887 ). Reclam, Ditzingen 2003, ISBN 978-3-15-007887-7
  • Krambambuli and other animal stories: The Spitzin, The Fink. Hamburger Lesehefte Issue 71, Hussum, 2009, ISBN 978-3-87291-070-7.
  • The love is always right. Hundred words. Edited by Wilhelm Mühs. New city, Munich / Zurich / Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-87996-549-8
  • Lotti, the watchmaker. Edited by Marianne Henn ( = Reclam Universal-Bibliothek. Tape 7463 ). Reclam, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-15-007463-0
  • Master narratives. With an appendix: aphorisms and memories. Afterword by Albert Bettex. Manesseplatz, Zurich 1953; Reprint ibid., 1990, ISBN 3-7175-1104-1.
  • Novels and animal stories. ISBN 3-85068-112-2.
  • Diaries 1862-1916 [ critically edited and annotated, Volume 1-6]. de Gruyter, Berlin et al 1989-1997, ISBN 3-484-10598-4, ISBN 3-484-10599-2, ISBN 3-484-10600- X, ISBN 3-484-10601-8, ISBN 3-484-10602-6, ISBN 3-484-10603-4.

Audiobook

  • Narratives, Munich, parabolas. Read by Birgit Minichmayr, Otto Mellie, Dagmar Thomas. Sine Verlag, Kilchberg 2011, ISBN 978-3-905721-92-8 ( 3 CD, 235 min)
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