Melk
The Lower Austrian municipality of Melk is located directly on the right bank of the Danube and is referred to as " the gateway to the Wachau ". Parts of the city, such as the Abbey of Melk, are part of the UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Wachau. Milking is the district capital of the district.
- 4.1 Demographics
- 4.2 Religion
- 9.1 Motorsport
- 9.2 grassroots
Prehistory
The local museum Melk dug in the late 1980s on the Wachberg from the part of a courtyard with cupola and loom weights. The Wachberg applies now with about 40 complete pottery vessels and as many loom weights as the most important reference in Austria of poor fund Mödling-Zöbing/Jevišovice-Gruppe.
History
In the year 831 Melk is first mentioned as Medilica. In the Nibelungenlied, the place is mentioned with the Middle High German name Medelike.
Leopold I, 976 invested with the territory of today's Southwest Lower Austria as the Marquis, the castle made in Melk to his residence and his successors endowed them with valuable treasures and relics.
Adalbert the Victorious, Margrave of Austria, resided in the Babenbergerburg Melk, where he died on May 26, 1055. 1089 Margrave Leopold II, the castle Benedictine monks from Lambach. Since then, live and work in Melk Abbey today in unbroken succession monks under the Rule of St. Benedict. Since the 12th century, a school with the monastery is connected and in the library valuable manuscripts were collected and prepared.
Melk received market rights in 1227. At the time of the Melk Reform in the 15th century the monastery was the starting point of one of the most important medieval monastery reforms and maintained close links with the humanists at the University of Vienna.
On December 14, 1805 a fire broke out at Melk Abbey. Here, about two to three hundred Russian prisoners of war died. The monument on the B1 between Melk and winds still reminds us of this incident.
1898 Melk became a town.
Of 21 April 1944 to the evacuation on 15 April 1945 insisted on the grounds of the Freiherr-von - Birago barracks Melk concentration camp, a subcamp of the Mauthausen concentration camp, where the Steyr Daimler Puch AG could produce ball bearings. About 5,000 people came during the first anniversary of the concentration camp, the crematorium is a memorial today in order.
Geography
The municipality of Melk consists of ten villages and cadastral (as in brackets Population 31 October 2011):
- Great Priel (64 )
- Kollapriel (29)
- Melk ( 3665 )
- Pielach ( 358)
- Pielachberg (414 )
- Pöverding (102 )
- Rosenfeld (37 )
- Schrattenbruck (90 )
- Spielberg ( 387)
- Winches ( 108)
Climate
In Melk, there is a transitional climate with continental influence from the east and oceanic influence from the West. The average annual temperature is in the 30-year period 1971-2000, 9.0 ° C, the total annual rainfall is 594.4 mm. Herewith Melk is located in one of the driest regions in Austria. During the winters are cloudy, many hours of sunshine recorded during the summer months. With 53cm of fresh snow per year Melk is far below the national means. About 83 days of frost and ice days 22 recorded every year. Due to the low Altitude 56 hot summer days and 11 days per year are reached. Every year there are about 19 storms, 18 of them from April to September. The wind speed varies on a monthly average of 7.6 km / hour in September to 13.3 km / h in January and is the year 10.4 km / h Days with wind speeds of more than 6 Beaufort ( 39km / h) are to be found every year 17. At the weather station Melk southwest winds dominate.
Population
Demographics
Religion
In Melk there is next to the collegiate church nor a Roman Catholic and a Protestant parish.
Policy
The council has 29 seats, Mayor of Thomas Widrich, office manager Klaus Weinfurter.
BGM - In the municipal elections of 2005, the Austrian People's Party People's Party list near Melk reached. Thomas Widrich (ÖVP ) 16, the Social Democrats 7, Greens 5 and the civil list per Melk (PRO MELK ) 1 mandate. In the council election 2010 PRO MELK did not start, SPÖ and the Greens lost two seats each. While the ÖVP won the same number of seats, the FPÖ won a and the list Melk Forum ( FORUM ) added 4 seats and moved into the council.
Since 1982, a partnership with Herrieden in Germany.
Infrastructure
The town of Melk is located right on the western highway and on the Western Railway. A bridge over the Danube into the northern part of the district and in the Waldviertel. Are located on the Danube River Danube docks for cruise ships, the branch of the pier is for the Danube excursion boats that have the endpoint of the Wachau rides here.
Business and education
In Melk, there are three kindergartens, a primary school, a polytechnic school, high school and the Stiftsgymnasium Melk; furthermore a Special Education Centre, a music school, a community college and a library. Great importance is also the Melk Abbey Library.
The COMPOSITE Hydro Power AG operates the Melk power plant.
Culture and sights
The main attraction is the high above the Danube baroque Benedictine Abbey of Melk. The churches are the collegiate church in the monastery, the Assumption Church of the Roman Catholic. Stadtpfarre and the Evangelical Church of the Redeemer parish Milking Scheibbs. On the town hall square in front of the town hall, the Kolomanibrunnen is from the year 1689th Note the partly historical monumental buildings with the Birago barracks, the Episcopal seminary, the Jakob- Prandtauer - folk and main school and the hospital, the old post office, the Kolomanibrunnen and the old bread store. In the immediate vicinity you will find the Renaissance Schallaburg and Artstetten Castle. The Town Museum Melk is the famous 6,500 -year-old idol with the bird's face.
By 2012 it is planned to make the old town as an ensemble under monument protection.
- Jazz Club
- Musikverein
- Sing Association
- Stadtkapelle
- Theater group
- Association for the Advancement of Beer Culture
- Folk Dance Group
- Cultural and Museum Association
- Since 1451 every year on 13 October, the Kolomanikirtag, named after the patron saint of the city and Melk Abbey, celebrated.
- In July and August there are the milker Summer Games in the Danube Arena.
- In Melk find at Pentecost the international baroque days with numerous concerts instead.
Sports
Motorsport
South of the city and directly above the A1, is the ÖAMTC Fahrtechnikzentrum Wachauring, where motor sport events are organized regularly. The few years ago on behalf of landlord Franz Wurz completely redesigned by the German Formula 1 race track planner Hermann Tilke Wachauring situated on a plot owned by the Abbey of Melk, which is why the area is also known as "pen Wiesn" in the vernacular. This was in the spring of 1973 by the St. Leonhard architect engineer Herbert Lord within just five weeks Rallycross track with its former name Leruring ( Leru stood for the Motorsport Club of the two neighboring municipalities of St. Leonhard am Forst Ruprechtshofen, the name under which " RAR team Leru " cooperated designed, built and opened with a sample race on Easter Sunday, April 22, 1973). On 13 May 1973, the first Rallycross European Championship race in motor racing history took place on the track then under the leadership of automobile sports clubs " RRC 13 Vienna " instead. Up to and including 2009 North Mende - ring, Rallycross ring and since 1997 Wachauring total of 19 Rallycross EM- runs were on the later Thermoton ring discharged. The current Rallycross organizers of the route is the " Leru Team 2 - Motor Sports Club".
Grassroots
In Melk there is a swimming pool ( Wachaubad ), tennis courts, soccer fields, tennis courts, a skate park, an ice rink and a rugby field. A campsite is located directly on the Danube. In the vicinity there are many hiking and biking trails (such as the Danube cycle path ).
A traditional running sporting event is the Easter Run, which takes place every year on Easter Monday.
- Leisure Club Melk
- Football club SC Melk
- Heeressportverein Melk
- Rowing Union Melk
- Union Karate Academy Zen Tai Ryu Melk
- Spartans Rugby Club Melk
- Union Tennis Club Melk
- Carambolbillard Club EMBSC
- Hockey Club
- Diving Club
- Volleyball club UVF hagebau Schuberth Melk
Others
In Melk is the K.Ö.St.V. Resident Nibelungia Melk in middle school cartel association.
On February 13, 1993 at Melk train station a serious train accident occurred. A freight train and an express train collided head-on, there were 3 dead and 20 injured.
The city is always affected by floods, most recently in 2002 and 2013.
In the 1980 novel, The Name of the Rose by Umberto Eco, the main character Adso of Melk tells the story and often mentioned it the Benedictine Melk.
Personalities that are connected to Melk
- In chronological order by year of birth sorted -
- Maximilian Stadler (1748-1833), Prior and composer
- Johann Dangl (1870-1944), politician
- Franz Hartl (1872-1929), politician and railway official
- Josef Adlmannseder (1888-1971), politician
- Walter Prinzl (1891-1937), artist
- Maria Ferschl (1895-1982), writer and poet, hymn
- Johann Nagl (1905-1988), politician
- Johann Navratil (1909-1992), a cardiac surgeon
- Anneliese Stern (1913-1984), zoologist, anatomist and university teacher
- Josef Wiesmayr (1920-1994), politician
- Friedrich Scheiner (1923-1985), Director of the Federal Gymnasium Horn
- Karl Kurz Bauer ( born 1934 ), politician
- Burkhard Ellegast (* 1931), abbot and theologian
- Albert Rohan (* 1936), diplomat
- Ingomar Auer ( born 1938 ), composer
- Helger Hauck ( b. 1942 ), Physicist
- Helmut Pirkner (1943-2012), Manager
- Herbert J. Wimmer (* 1951), writer
- Hans Schelkshorn ( b. 1960 ), philosopher and theologian
- Hannes Derfler (* 1963), politician
- Otto Lechner ( b. 1964 ), musician
- Gerhard Karner (* 1967), politician
- Ilse Kopatz ( b. 1975 ), football player
- Hermione Haselboeck, mezzo-soprano
Gallery
Kolomanibrunnen on Town Hall Square
Roman Catholic parish church
Guard tower
Gateposts of the former city gate