Montfort-sur-Risle
Montfort- sur -Risle is a commune with 791 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2011 ) in the department of Eure in the Haute-Normandie region. It is the capital of the Canton of Montfort- sur -Risle and seat of the Municipal Association of Val de Risle ( CCVR ).
Geography
Montfort- sur -Risle is located on the western edge of the Roumois in the valley of Risle, on the orographic right bank, between the river and the city Forêt Domaniale de Montfort. It is located 45 kilometers by road south-west of Rouen and 25 kilometers west of Elbeuf in close proximity to the municipality of Saint -Philbert -sur -Risle, which is located on the left bank of the Risle.
History
Montfort- sur -Risle was established in Gallo-Roman times and owes its original name Mons Fortis the mountain on which the Roman troops built their first fortifications. The village was situated on the Roman road from Lille Bonne ( Juliobona ) to Brionne ( Breviodurum ).
The first Seigneur of Montfort -sur -Risle was Toustain de Bastembourg, he was mentioned in 980. His son Hugues I de Montfort named after the castle, which extended in the time of the Norman invasion, or had been newly built on the foundations of older buildings. Hugues II de Montfort took the side of William I the Conqueror at the Battle of Mortemer ( 1054 ) and the Battle of Hastings ( 1066) part. For his achievements in the battles he received mansions in England. He retired later as a monk in the Abbey of Le Bec back. Hugues III. de Montfort did repair work on the castle perform. He died on a journey through Palestine, leaving no heirs, so Montfort- sur -Risle fell by marriage to Gislebert de Gand, whose son Hugues ( IV ) was called again de Montfort. 1123 he took part with his brother Waleran IV de Meulan in the revolt against Henry I of England. The uprising was put down in 1124, Montfort- sur -Risle set on fire and captured the castle. Hugues IV was imprisoned for fourteen years and confiscated his possessions. Henry I gave away the Burg 1128 Waleran IV de Meulan. Robert, the eldest son of Hugues IV began in 1153 Waleran IV in the castle of Orbec caught and forced him to return Montfort- sur -Risle. 1154 tried unsuccessfully to retake the castle Waleran IV. 1173 Robert de Montfort took part in the rebellion of Henry the Younger against his father Henry II of England. Robert died in 1178, Montfort- sur -Risle fell to Henry II and his son, John Plantagenet, who had to grind the castle in 1203, so she could not fall into the hands of Philip II of France. 1204 was the village of Philip II, the Normandy united in 1206 with the Kingdom of France. After the destruction of the castle of Montfort- sur -Risle lost its importance and was barely mentioned.
John II of France entered the 1353 Vicomté Pont -Audemer and Montfort- sur -Risle from to Charles II. Most of the village was owned by citizens, only about a quarter of the parish was owned by the Lords. This was the fief de la Motte and Fontaine Court.
1478 shared Simon du Bosc the heritage of their mother among themselves. Simon inherited a fief in Montfort. His grandson was the first of his family who called himself Seigneur du Franc- Manoir. The family was to the 18th century in the possession of the fief.
1793 received Montfort- sur -Risle as Montfort in the wake of the French Revolution ( 1789-1799 ) the status of a municipality and 1801 as Montfort- sur- groove the right to local self-government.
During World War II (1939-1945) was Montfort- sur -Risle bombed on August 13th and 17th, 1944 during Operation Overlord by the Allied Air Force. In this case, eight people died.
Least inhabitants, the municipality had 1793 (444), the town grew to 1861. During the second half of the 20th century, the church grew again and in 1990 had the most population ( 913).
Attractions
The valley of Risle is as a site classé ( " natural monument" ) classified.
Structures
The ruins of the castle date from the 11th century, they were registered in 1937 historiques in the additional list of Monuments ("historical monuments "). First fortifications were built at its construction site in Gallo-Roman times to 1203, the castle was destroyed. It was built on a plot of 4.5 hectares and was protected by two deep moats, which were separated by a high wall.
The Mairie ( "Rathaus" ) was built in the 19th century. On the front facade is decorated with the coat of arms and an inscription of the name of the community.
The fief de la Motte was first documented in 1472. It belonged Rogerin Rabasse, the founder of the Covenant of Penitents Sainte -Barbe ( " Büßergemeinschaft Barbara of Nicomedia " ) in Canteleu, and remained until the 17th century, owned by the family. Then there galangte by marriage into the possession of the de La Houssaye family. In 1746 it was sold. 1965 acquired the church building. The property is located north of the village, of the once important castle Château de la Motte only a few sections. To the obtained parts also a dovecote, a chapel and the former seigneuriale residential building in the style of revolutionary architecture.
The Manor House Manoir Franc in 1478 first mentioned. The present mansion was built in 1750. After the French Revolution it was sold several times. It is privately owned.
The parish church of Saint- Pierre -Saint -Paul was built in the 12th century, from that time only the pillars remain. The bell tower was built in the first half of the 13th century. 1755 choir and nave were practically rebuilt. 1870, the church was restored. The church was founded by Robert I de Montfort and the Abbey of Le Bec paid.
The Roman Catholic Community Communauté de Montfort is part of the parish of the diocese of Evreux Montgeoly.
Economy and infrastructure
The municipal area controlled designation of origin (AOC ) for Camembert ( Camembert de Normandie), Calvados and pommeau ( pommeau de Normandie ) and protected geographical indication ( PGI ) for Pork ( Porc de Normandie), poultry ( Volailles de Normandie) and cider ( apply cider de Normandie and cider normand ).
Montfort- sur -Risle is crossed by the road department D130. 38 km northwest of the municipality is the nearest airport, Aéroport de Deauville - Saint- Gatien in Saint- Gatien -des- Bois.
1885 received Saint -Philbert -sur -Risle and Montfort- sur -Risle the first towns in France to install electric street lighting. The carpenters Augustin Hébert was born in 1860 in Saint -Philbert -sur -Risle. In 1878 he saw at the Paris World Exposition, the " Gramme machine" Zénobe Gramme ( 1826-1901 ). He then directed a workshop in Montfort- sur -Risle and used the hydraulic force of the Risle to generate electricity. After the light bulb by Thomas Alva Edison (1847-1931) was operational, illuminated Augustin Hébert first his workshop and then take the road that leads from Saint -Philbert -sur -Risle by Montfort- sur -Risle.
Sons and daughters of the town
- Albert Lebourg (1849-1928), painter and member of the Académie des Sciences, Belles-Lettres et arts de Rouen ( " Academy of Science and Fine Arts " )
- Augustin Hébert (1860-1944), carpenter and electrician, established the first street lighting in France, in 1939 received the Order of the Knight of the Legion of Honor ( Chevalier de la Légion d' honneur ).