Oldenburgia

Oldenburgia grandis

Oldenburgia is the only plant genus of the tribe Oldenburgieae in the subfamily Carduoideae within the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). The distribution area is located in South Africa, it is a Florenelement the capensis.

  • 3.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

Oldenburgia species grow as a cushion forming dwarf shrubs to large shrubs or small trees. The alternate and often concentrated at the ends of branches arranged leaves are short-stalked. The simple, mainly leathery leaf blades are obovate to elliptic, pinnately and have a smooth margin. The upper leaf surface is often bare and the lower leaf surface often covered with dense hair.

Inflorescences and flowers

The basket- shaped inflorescences are composed individually or in a few weakly branched inflorescences. It may be of single inflorescence stem. In the bell - jar shaped to inflorescence sheath ( involucre ) many bracts are in some series; they are leathery, ovate and white woolly hairs and have a smooth edge and a stachelspitziges upper end. The inflorescence base is flat and honeycomb without chaff leaves. The large flower heads contain many flowers.

The Carduoideae are, in contrast to the other sub- families, only five-fold tubular flowers available. The colors of the petals range from white to cream or pink- brown; inner and outer flowers can be colored the same. The rand union tubular flowers are functionally female, zygomorphic and enlarged; their crowns are two-lipped with the outer lip has two linear- turned Kronzähne. In a basket of flowers are available 80-1000 inner tubular flowers that are hermaphroditic and often radial symmetry or rarely slightly zygomorphic with slender and cylindrical Kronröhren ending deeply five-lobed. The five stamens have a tube deformed anthers, which have long pointed appendage. The pollen grains are smooth to prickly. The style ends in two very short style branches with rounded upper ends that are smooth to papillose; rarely have the scars on their upper end pointed hair and the scar tissue covers the whole grain base.

Fruits

The narrow ellipsoid to the lineal achenes are ribbed and hairy bald up tight. The constant pappus consists of bearded to feathery bristles. The spread is made with the achenes as diasporas.

Systematics and distribution

The distribution area in the Republic of South Africa includes only the Western Cape and Eastern Cape provinces. Oldenburgia is a Florenelement the capensis.

The genus Oldenburgia 1830 was established by Christian Friedrich Lessing in Linnaea, 5, p 252, Plate 3, figures 67-70. Type species is Oldenburgia paradoxa Less. The botanical genus name honors the Oldenburgia Sweden Franz Pehr Oldenburg, who collected plants in South Africa from 1772 to 1773.

Oldenburgia is the only genus of the tribe Oldenburgieae in the subfamily Carduoideae within the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). Oldenburgieae was by Santiago Ortiz in Oldenburgieae, a new tribe of the African Mutisieae sl ( Asteraceae), pp. 1-3, In: Compositae Newsletter, Number 47, April 15, 2009 set up.

The genus Oldenburgia are only four ways:

  • Oldenburgia grandis ( Thunb. ) Baill. ( Syn: Arnica grandis Thunb, Oldenburgia arbuscula DC.. ): This shrub to small tree thrives in rocky sites of Witteberg - quartzites in the Witte Mountains in " Quartzite Fynbos ". "Inland Suurberg " The distribution area in the range from Port Elizabeth to Grahamstown in the Eastern Cape.
  • Oldenburgia intermedia P.Bond: It was described only in 1987 and comes in the Tulbagh District ago in the Western Cape.
  • Oldenburgia papionum DC. It occurs in the vicinity of Tulbagh in the Western Cape.
  • Oldenburgia paradoxa Less: . It is a cushion- forming dwarf shrub.

Swell

  • Santiago Ortiz: Oldenburgieae, a new tribe of the African Mutisieae sl ( Asteraceae), pp. 1-3, In: Compositae Newsletter, Number 47, April 15, 2009 ISSN 0284-8422. Fulltext PDF.
  • Liliana Katinas, John Pruski, Gisela Sancho & Maria Cristina Telleria: The subfamily Mutisioideae, In: The Botanical Review, December 2008: Oldenburgia - Full -text online.
  • Pauline Bond: A revision of Oldenburgia (Asteraceae - Mutisieae ) In: South African Journal of Botany, Volume 53, 1987, p 493-500.
Prostrate shrub Pappus (flower structure) Agricultural Research Service
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