Sevlievo
Sevlievo [ sɛvliɛvo ] (international Sevlievo, Bulgarian Севлиево ) is a town with 24,065 inhabitants ( December 2009) in central Bulgaria in the Oblast Gabrovo. Sevlievo is located 48 km north of Gabrovo Gabrovo and after the second largest city in the oblast Gabrovo and the administrative center of the municipality of Sevlievo.
Geography
Sevlievo is located in the central northern Bulgaria, near the geographical center of Bulgaria. Nearby is the Balkan Mountains, whose peaks reach up to 1900 meters here. The mountainous area of the city has an average height of 400 to 700 m. The climate is temperate continental, with a large variation in temperature ( 30 to 35 ° C in summer, -20 to -25 ° C in winter).
The municipality of Sevlievo extends over an area of 1070 km ². One part is covered by tall deciduous forests, other parts of pastures and 42,000 ha of arable land. There are significant water reserves because of the massif and the higher-lying area to the south. This watershed is the headwaters of the rivers Rossiza ( Bulg Росица ) and Widima ( Bulg Видима ), which flow together just outside the city and then one of the largest dams in Bulgaria fill the reservoir Aleksandar Stambolijski (named after Aleksandar Stambolijski ).
In addition to the town Sevlievo Sevlievo there is in the community 35 villages. The municipality has a total of 39 537 inhabitants, of whom 24,065 live in the town of Sevlievo itself. The municipality has a relatively well developed road system with an average density of 0.416 km / km ² and a total length of 391 km.
In recent decades, Sevlievo has developed as an important industrial center with well developed agriculture and transport infrastructure. Industrial production is concentrated mainly in the town of Sevlievo.
Larger establishments in the city are the companies
- Ideal Standard Widima ( Bulg Идеал Стандарт Видима ) - Water Fittings:
- Ideal Standard Balgaria ( Bulg Идеал Стандарт България ) - Household ceramics, glazes, enamel;
- Avangard ( Bulg АВВ Авангард ) - High-voltage electrical equipment (part of the group Asea Brown Boveri )
- Original ( Bulg Оригинал ) - Molds for pressure casting with back pressure;
- EMKA ( Bulg Емка ) - Electric Cables for industrial and domestic;
- Rossiza ( Bulg Росица ) - CLOTHING
- Bris ( Bulg Бриз ) - textiles;
- Woodworking and furniture industry Batoj ( Bulg Батой )
- Borela -S ( Bulg Борела - С )
- Abano ( Bulg Абанос )
- Isgrew -90 ( Bulg Изгрев -90)
- Paralel ( Bulg Паралел )
The city is known for the wines produced here Gamza wine.
Population
Toponymy
After Nikolai Kowatschew the metathesis modern name of Sevlievo developed as follows: From Сърбе / Сърби (pronounced Serb / Serbi, possibly SRBE / Srbi ), on Byzantine documents to Серви ( Serwi ), via Arabic to Serfi ( серфи ) and Turkish to Selwi ( селви ). Hence Selwiowo ( Селвиово ) and Sewliowo developed ( Севлиово ) and last Sevlievo ( Севлиево ). The first name of the settlement Сърбе / Сърби, the Kowatschew shows, transcribed Sarbe / Sarbi (alternatively Serb / Serbi or SRBE / Srbi ) and thus suggests an early settlement originally serbischstämmiger settlers out. Thus, the most likely attributable to the Serbian Ethnikon designation of a settlement, in addition to the approximately 15 kilometers northwest of Sevlievo remote Malki Varshets, whose official name until 1934 Сръбе / Сърбе ( Srabe / Sarbe ), does not constitute a exception for this region
History
Sevlievo, then Serbi or Serwi, originated in the 10th century as a military and economic center of the First Bulgarian Empire in the area. The strong fortress Chotalitsch ( Bulg Хоталич ) was built on a protected area of the hill, which is located 3 km northwest of the present city. Within a fixed outer four city districts, two churches, workshops for metal and ceramics processing. The city was pretty big for medieval conditions. Already in the 5th - 6th Century there was an early Byzantine fortress and a settlement, which was then restored in the 10th century.
The fortress protected the access to the capital of the Second Bulgarian Empire, Veliko Tarnovo.
The fortress was destroyed at the end of the 14th century, when taking the area by the Turkish Ottomans. The city existed until the end of the 18th century on. The economic and administrative functions were gradually transferred to the newly populated village by the Turks Serwi or Selwi ( Bulg Селви ), from which developed the current Sevlievo.
The name Selwi was first mentioned in the 16th century in the Ottoman tax register, then under the Hellenized name Serwi ( Bulg Серви ) or Chotalitsch ( Bulg Хоталич ). In addition to Sevlievo Gabrovo was the second judicial district in the area - Kaza (see Sanjak ). The name Chotalitsch disappeared a few decades before the end of Ottoman rule over Bulgaria ( Russian - Turkish War, 1877-1878 ). Whether Chotalitsch was identical to the fortress or a separate village is unknown as yet.
Since the end of the 17th century, it was not just a simple village, but also a Kadilak ( Bulg кадилък ), that is, a seat of the judge ( qadi ). The expansion of the Kadilak ( right district) usually coincided ( tax district ) with the Kaza.
Sevlievo with its fortress was on the way from Veliko Tarnovo after Lovech.
From 1860 Sevlievo became one of the centers of the organized movement of national liberation of Bulgaria ( Bulgarian rebirth). Vasil Levski here in 1870 created the first revolutionary committee. As part of the April Uprising, the population of the villages arose within Sevlievo under the leadership of the revolutionary committee of the city and fought for 10 days. Here, more than 300 men, women and children perished. Four of the major villages and numerous smaller villages were devastated. Eight of the leaders of the revolt were hanged in the central square of the city. At this point in memory a monument was erected in 1894 to it ( see photo).
Attractions
- Batoschewski Monastery ( Bulg Батошевски манастир )