Triteleia
The Triteleia, sometimes Germanized Triteleien or other species with similar-looking species spring star called, are a genus of the subfamily Brodiaeoideae in the family asparagus plants ( Asparagaceae ) within the order of asparagus -like ( Asparagales ).
Description
Triteleia species are perennial herbaceous plants. These geophytes form fibrous enveloped, spherical tubers than outlasting; So they do not form bulbs in contrast to the leek family ( Alliaceae ). There shall be one to three basal leaves. The simple, sessile leaves are narrow and keeled. The leaf margin is smooth.
The upright, cylindrical, rigid inflorescence stem has a diameter of 1 to 5 mm. The doldigen inflorescences are similar to the leek family ( Alliaceae ). membranous bracts are initially green ( lemmoniae at Triteleia purple) may be quickly dry and brownish. The flower stems are more or less upright. The small, hermaphrodite, mostly radial symmetry blooms are triple. The six equally diverse bloom cladding more or less long Roehrig overgrown. The free area of the bloom is upright to spreading. The colors of the bracts range from white to yellow to blue. There are two circle each with three stamens present in each flower. The stamens are fused with the bloom cladding; all the same length or only that of a circle of equal length. The free area of the stamens is flattened. In some species, an appendage of the stamen is present, then a " crown " shaped (see picture of Triteleia ixioides subspec. Scabra ). The anthers are usually bent away from the scar. The three carpels are a superior ovaries fused with only two ovules per ovary chamber. The ovary is green or has the same color as the bloom. The 2-4 mm long style ends in a short three-lobed stigma.
Are formed ovate, lokulizidale capsule fruits. The black, nearly spherical seeds are coarsely and irregularly grained or granular.
Systematics and distribution
The genus Triteleia now belongs to the subfamily Brodiaeoideae in the family asparagus plants ( Asparagaceae ). Previously, it belonged to the tribe Brodiaeeae in the subfamily Allioideae within the family Alliaceae. The genera of this tribe but were all made to the family of Themidaceae and now to the subfamily Brodiaeoideae. Previously she was also made to the lily family ( Liliaceae ).
The genus name was Triteleia 1830 by David Douglas in John Lindley: Edwards 's Bot posted Reg, 15. Synonyms for Triteleia Douglas ex Lindl. are: .. . Calliprora Lindl, Hesperoscordum Lindl, Themis Salisb, Brodiaea sect. Calliprora ( Lindl. ) S.Watson, B. subg. Calliprora ( Lindl. ) Eastwood, B. subg. Hesperoscordum ( Lindl. ) Eastwood, B. sect. Seubertia ( Kunth ) S.Watson, B. subg. Triteleia ( Douglas ex Lindl. ) Eastwood, Seubertia Kunth ..
The Triteleia species are native to North America. Mainly in the western United States, with a focus on biodiversity in northwestern California and southern Oregon. Only one species, there are outside the United States: Triteleia guadalupensis, it is endemic to the island of Guadalupe in Baja California.
The genus contains 15 species Triteleia:
- Triteleia bridgesii ( S.Watson ) Greene
- Triteleia clementina Hoover. It is endemic to San Clemente Island off the southern coast of California.
- Triteleia crocea ( Alph.Wood ) Greene
- Triteleia dudleyi Hoover
- Triteleia grandiflora Lindl.
- Triteleia guadalupensis LWLenz: It is endemic to the island of Guadalupe in Baja California.
- Triteleia hendersonii Greene
- White Triteleie ( Triteleia hyacintina ( Lindl. ) Greene)
- Yellow Triteleie ( Triteleia ixioides ( WTAiton ) Greene): With five subspecies.
- Blue Triteleie ( Triteleia laxa Bentham )
- Triteleia lemmoniae ( S.Watson ) Greene: It is the only species that occurs in Arizona, at altitudes between 1000 and 3000 meters.
- Triteleia lilacina Greene
- Triteleia lugens Greene
- Triteleia montana Hoover
- Long-stemmed Triteleie ( Triteleia peduncularis Lindl. ): It is in the northern California Coast Ranges located at altitudes 0-800 meters, often on serpentine.
Hybrids:
- Triteleia × tubergenii LWLenz is a hybrid between T. laxa and T. peduncularis.
No longer belongs to the genus:
- Triteleia uniflora Lindl. ⇒ Ipheion uniflorum ( Lindl. ) Raf.
Use
The starch-rich tubers can be eaten raw or cooked. They served the North American indigenous peoples as food. Depending on the type they taste differently well. From Triteleia grandiflora in addition the young capsule fruits are used as a spice.
There are a few species some varieties that are used as ornamental plants.
Pictures
Triteleia lugens:
Triteleia lilacina:
Triteleia hyacinthina
Swell
- J. Chris Pires: Triteleia in the Flora of North America, Volume 26, p 338: Online.