Union for a Popular Movement

( National Assembly, 2012)

(Senate, 2011)

The Union pour un mouvement populaire (UMP; German Union for a Popular Movement ) is a French party that emerged from the political right and the middle and subscribes to the idea of Gaullismus. The Union is pluralistic, democratic and decentralized aligned. It is part of the European People's Party and the International Democratic Union, a global forum of conservative parties, at. The UMP presented from its inception in 2002 to 2012 with Jacques Chirac and Nicolas Sarkozy the President.

The UMP is at the same time, the status of the Partis associés (associated parties ), a party alliance. The Associated Parties are legally distinct, but also represented on the National Council.

Together with still other parties formed the UMP until 2012, the Comité de liaison de la majorité présidentielle ( Liaison Committee of the majority of the President, usually only briefly majorité présidentielle ), which included the parties of the political right and the political center, which the elections and in National Assembly, the President of the UMP supported.

History

The UMP was created initially as a party alliance on 23 April 2002, two days after the first round of the presidential election in 2002, at the surprisingly Jean -Marie Le Pen had reached the extreme right National Front the second round against the bourgeois candidate Jacques Chirac. The UMP should collect the bourgeois voters for the second ballot and the following parliamentary elections. For this reason, the Alliance présidentielle (Union for a majority of the President ) was called Union pour la majorité. The alliance consisted of, among others, the Gaullist RPR Chirac, the liberal Démocratie libérale and parts of the centrist UDF party alliance.

After the Alliance was able to win the second round of the presidential election and the parliamentary elections in favor of the bourgeois camp, it was further transformed into a party. Since the original name for a party appeared unsuitable, it was changed at the founding congress on 17 November 2002 in Union pour un Mouvement Populaire (Union for a Popular Movement). In the UMP of the RPR and the Town Démocratie libérale on. In contrast, other smaller parties like the Parti radical valoisien remained independent organizations as associated parties of the UMP.

First chairman ( président) of the UMP was Alain Juppe. Characterized the early years were mainly due to the conflict between the supporters of Jacques Chirac (especially Dominique de Villepin) and the followers of Nicolas Sarkozy.

The first acid test for the electoral victories of 2002, the UMP suffered a heavy defeat in regional elections in 2004 (losses in 20 of 22 regions). Even in elections to the European Parliament in the same year the party cut off not very good. Started with the claim to represent the entire political rights, they could unite only 17 percent of voters cast, while the strongest competitor, the Socialist Party (PS ), 29 percent of the votes received.

After being convicted of taking advantage Juppé resigned as party chairman on 16 July 2004. On the next party congress in Le Bourget Nicolas Sarkozy was elected his successor. This continued in the intra-party competition for the presidential nomination in 2007 against Jacques Chirac ( the first on 11 March 2007, more than a month before the first ballot finally told not to run again) and Dominique de Villepin by. The latter renounced due to the Clearstream affair on a separate application. In his nomination on 14 January 2007, Sarkozy was the only remaining candidate.

In the presidential elections in May 2007, Nicolas Sarkozy won the victory against the Socialist candidate Ségolène Royal counter. In the immediately following parliamentary elections in June, the UMP, defended the majority in the National Assembly, but lost 49 seats.

Sarkozy came back after his victory in the 2007 presidential election from the office of party president. After a statute reform of 7 July 2007, the Office of the Party President remains vacant when the incumbent is elected president; the functions will be exercised by the Secretary-General ( Secrétaire général). This office moved in relatively rapid succession of Pierre Méhaignerie ( he had assumed the post in 2004, still under the party leader Sarkozy and practiced there until November 2007 ) by Patrick Devedjian ( November 2007-December 2008 ) and Xavier Bertrand ( December 2008-November 2010 ) to Jean -François Cope ( since November 2010).

In the municipal and cantonal elections of 2008, the party suffered a defeat again with their alliance partners. She lost among others, the majority in 10 cities over 100,000 inhabitants and in 8 departments.

In the 2009 European elections, the UMP won - begun here in one party alliance - more than 11 percentage points over the 2004 election was added and well ahead of the Socialist Party and the Greens strongest party.

In the regional elections of 2010, however, the UMP was the poor result of 2004 not improve, but still lost Corsica to the left and only ruled thus in the European regions in Alsace. Overseas, she could Guiana and Réunion win.

After another defeat of the UMP and its affiliated parties in the cantonal elections of 2011, the majorité présidentielle 2011 also lost the majority in the French Senate on the political left.

On 6 May 2012 the UMP candidate and incumbent President Nicolas Sarkozy lost the runoff election for the presidency against the Socialist François Hollande. The next parliamentary elections in June lost the UMP with their alliance partners. The party is thus in opposition for the first time in its history.

After the retreat from politics, Sarkozy chose the UMP on 18 November 2012 in a primary election, a new party leadership. It competed for the Secretary-General and Acting party leader Jean- Francois Cope and former Prime Minister François Fillon. The former government minister Sarkozy Nathalie Kosciusko -Morizet and Bruno Le Maire and the deputy Henri Guaino had announced a candidacy, but did not reach the necessary signatures of supporters. Former party chairman Alain Juppe had initially agreed to stand as a consensus candidate for the party leadership available, but closed on 27 August 2012, a candidacy from final. Won the election Jean -François Cope with a very narrow margin of 98 votes. As vice president, he named Luc Chatel, as Secretary General Michèle Tabarot. Fillon acknowledged the result immediately after the first proclamation on. But shortly after, he called for a correction of the election results because the voices of three overseas regions were not counted and he won at their consideration. The competent electoral commission admitted the error, but declared at the same time, to, do not change the announced result, this must be done by the Arbitration Commission. The camp to Cope responded to the demand with Fillon's allegations, to the camp Fillon had committed electoral fraud in several constituencies. The attempt to mediate by Alain Juppé failed. The Arbitration Commission of the UMP declared on 26 November Cope to the election winner, with a corrected lead of 952 votes. Fillon referred to the Commission's decision as " illegal" and threw Cope a " coup " against. On November 27, 2012, the dispute led to a split of the Group of UMP in the National Assembly: 68 members of parliament, a good third of the previous group, the Group Rassemblement - UMP founded under the leadership of François Fillon. These deputies announced simultaneously to return to the fraction of the UMP when the party leadership would re-elected. On 16 and 18 December 2012, the two rivals agreed with the mediation of Jean -Pierre Raffarin that the party leadership should be elected before the start of the parliamentary session 2013/14, most likely in September 2013. Until then, should be reviewed by an independent commission, the statutes and the beginning of January 2013, the party leadership will be extended by an additional deputy party chairman and a deputy secretary general, which should belong to the camp Fillon. In return, the Group R- UMP will be dissolved and their deputies would return to the official faction of the UMP again.

On 15 January 2013, the UMP modified according to the agreement between Cope and Fillon their party leadership: You now belong next to the actually provided narrower team of party president (Jean -François Cope ), Vice President ( Luc Chatel ) and General Secretary ( Michèle Tabarot ) five other Vice-Presidents ( Christian Estrosi, Jean -Claude Gaudin, Brice Hortefeux, Roger Karoutchi and Laurent Wauquiez ), and a " commissioned " General Secretary ( Valérie Pécresse ) to. At the same time members of the Rassemblement - UMP group in the National Assembly returned back to the fraction of the UMP.

Bodies at the national level

Party president ( président)

The party president is sitting in front of the bodies at the national level and represents the UMP political and legal. His term of office is three years. He is assisted by a Vice-President ( Vice - président délégué ) and a Secretary ( Secrétaire général) to the side.

The three persons of the party leaders are elected by a joint ballot through direct election by all party members. Here, the party members from electoral lists, each containing a proposal for the party President, the Vice President and the Secretary-General to decide; Vote-splitting between the lists is not allowed. In the first ballot, the list is selected, received an absolute majority of the votes cast. Achieved this is not a list, a runoff between the two lists takes place, which have received the most votes in the first ballot.

If the incumbent party president elected President, the office remains vacant, it will not find any elections during the tenure of the president instead. The functions of the party president will be exercised by the Secretary-General ( secretaire général) and the Bureau of the Congress ( Bureau du Conseil National).

Secretary ( Secretaire général)

Sets the UMP not the President (or was that when he took office not party president of the UMP ), the general secretary of the party the task of running the regular business of the party. Him there are Deputy Secretaries General ( secret aires généraux adjoints ) to the side, who are appointed by party president. The Secretary-General is elected at this time, together with the party president and the vice president in a joint primary election (see under party president )

If an incumbent party president elected President, the Duties of the Secretary-General a number of functions that would otherwise be payable to the party president. He then sits in front of the political office, is responsible for the implementation of its decisions and represents the UMP legally. The Secretary-General is elected along with two Deputy Secretaries-General at this time in a joint ballot by the political office; this may be dismissed at any time.

Bureau of the Congress ( Bureau du Conseil National)

This body exists only if an incumbent party president was elected President. It consists of a First Vice-President ( Vice - Premier président) and two other vice-presidents. This body is sitting in front of the Congress ( Conseil National), which falls usually in the scope of party president. The Bureau is elected by the party conference.

Political office ( bureau politique )

The political office is the political leadership of the UMP and comparable to the party executive of the German party. It consists of the party President, the Vice President, the Secretary General and the Deputy Secretaries-General and the Treasurer. 30 more members selected by the party conference. Force Office also belong to the political office, in each case unless they are members of the UMP are: The former President, the incumbent and the former Prime Minister, the President of the National Assembly and the Group Chairman in the National Assembly, the Senate and the European Parliament (here also the chairman of the group of UMP deputies in the Group of the European people's Party ) and the former party president.

There would also be in accordance with Statute 10 members, appointed by the currents of the party; 5 of these members would be distributed at the Party Congress after the voting strength of currents to the currents, 5 according to the proportion of the flows among the parliamentarians. However, since there are in the UMP no currents, these items are not occupied.

Is the incumbent party president has been elected President, are in place, the members of the Presidium of the Congress the political office at.

Party ( Conseil National)

The Congress is the supreme body of the UMP party between congresses. He is responsible in particular for the fundamental decisions of the political orientation of the UMP.

The Congress meets at least twice a year. Its members include the party president ( of the party chaired ) and the Vice President, the Secretary General and the Deputy Secretaries-General, the Treasurer, all members of the UMP from the Government, the National Assembly, the Senate and the European Parliament, the former President and Prime Minister, the President of the party organizations, elected by the party members in the constituencies and the departments of delegates and other designated persons. Is the incumbent party president has been elected president, takes over the presidency of the Congress an executive committee, consisting of a first vice-president and two vice-presidents, who are elected by the party conference.

Party Congress ( Congrès )

The Party Congress is the highest organ of the UMP. To him, all members of the UMP can participate with voting rights. It decides on the fundamental political orientation of the UMP and nominated the candidate of the UMP for the presidential elections. The Congress takes place every three years.

Committees

At the national level exist alongside the bodies described in more detail a number of committees, including the preparation and conduct of elections, as well as for decisions in arbitration.

Youth organization

The party has a youth organization called Jeunes Populaires, the chairman is Benjamin Lancar.

Related parties

As so-called related parties ( Partis associés ) belong to the UMP party alliance:

Alliance pour la diversité républicaine (Alliance for the Republican diversity)
Chasse, pêche, nature et traditions ( CPNT, hunting, fishing, nature and traditions); since 2012
Les Progressistes ( The Progressive )
Parti chrétien - démocrate (PCD; Christian Democratic Party) (formerly the Forum Républicains Sociaux, forum social Republicans )
Rassemblement pour la France et l' indépendance de l'Europe ( RPF IE; collection for France and the independence of Europe)

Rassemblement - UMP in New Caledonia
O Porinetia To Tatou Ai'a in French Polynesia

From 2002 to 2011, the Parti radical valoisien ( PRV ) was Associated Party from 2002 to 2008, the Centre national des Independants et paysans (CNI; national center of the self-employed and farmers ).

For the government majority in the National Assembly from 2002 to 2012, the so-called majorité présidentielle included other parties such as La Gauche Moderne ( LGM; Modern Left ) or Le Nouveau Centre ( NC; This new center ). However, these were not members of the party alliance of the UMP.

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