Wilhelm Bölsche

Wilhelm Bölsche ( born January 2, 1861 in Cologne, † August 31 1939 in Schreiberhau ) was a German writer.

Life

Bölsche - son of the editor Carl Bölsche - studied from 1883 to 1885 philosophy, art history and archeology at the University of Bonn and lived from 1885 in Berlin. From 1890 to 1893 he edited for the publisher S. Fischer, the " Free Theatre "; the green books were considered the most important cultural and political review of Germany and as an organ of naturalism. The authors met " in the country". Therefore Bölsche lived after 1890 at alternating homes in Berlin -Friedrich Hagen. He was - in addition to Bruno Wille - central figure of Friedrichshagener poetry circle and was considered a " soul and spirit of Friedrich Hagen ". Bölsche was a member of the free religious community in Berlin and was co-founder in 1906 of the German Monist and since the beginning in 1905, a member of the Society for Racial Hygiene.

Although Bolsche most magazines cover scientific subjects, he was not a scientist, but he has as a writer of science topics popularized: As a specialized layman Bölsche written for laymen. In his book The love life in nature ( 1898) Bölsche is considered the creator of modern property book. He was also an initiator Germany's first folk high school and gave important impulses for the Reform Movement.

In dozens of books and "Cosmos " volumes of freethinkers monist and Evolutionary popularized the knowledge of his time, especially the theory of evolution by Charles Darwin and Ernst Haeckel. About Darwin, Haeckel and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe wrote biographies. He also worked as editor of numerous authors. The Freie Universität Berlin is currently preparing an edition of his works and letters.

Quotes

Bölsche put it in his book, " The Science Fundamentals of Poetry" (1887 ) was entitled, as follows: " The poet ... is in its way an experimenter, as the chemist who mixes all kinds of substances, in certain degrees of temperature observed and brings success. Of course, the poet has the right people, no chemicals. But ... these people fall into the field of natural sciences. Your passions, their reaction to external circumstances, the whole game of their thoughts follow certain laws, which explores the researchers and the poet has to observe so well in the free experiments, as the chemist if he produce something sensible and not worthless mishmash wants, needs to calculate the forces and effects before, before he goes to work and materials combined. "

The goal is to arrive at a true mathematical penetration of the whole action of a person and to let characters grow up before our eyes that are logically how nature destination.

Honors

Bölsche honor have been named in several German cities, including the Bölschestraße in Berlin -Friedrich Hagen a ridge in the Giant Mountains, an island in Svalbard, a school in Berlin as well as roads.

In January 2001, on 31 March 1998 in Volkssternwarte Drebach (Ore Mountains) was discovered asteroid named 1998 FC127 after Bölsche. He now bears the official name ( 17821 ) Bölsche and moves between the planets Mars and Jupiter around the Sun.

Works

Author

  • Paul. Novel from the time of Emperor Marcus Aurelius, 2 vols, 1885
  • The magic of the King ARPUs, novel, 1887
  • The scientific principles of poetry. Prolegomena of a realist aesthetic, 1887
  • Heinrich Heine. Attempt an aesthetically - critical analysis of his works and his world-view, 1888
  • The poetry of the city, 1890 Digitised text
  • The midday goddess, 3 vols, novel, 1891
  • Free Religious New Year thoughts. Lecture, held on 1 January 1893 in the Free Religious Community of Berlin, 1893
  • Development history of Nature, 2 vols, 1894-1896
  • The love life in nature, 1898-1903 Vol 1 Diederichs, Florence and Leipzig 1898. ( Digitized and full text in German Text Archive )
  • Vol 2 Diederichs, Leipzig 1900. ( Digitized and full text in German Text Archive )
  • Vol 3 Diederichs, Leipzig 1903. ( Digitized and full text in German Text Archive )
  • Vol 1: 1908
  • Vol 2: The horse and its history, in 1909
  • Vol 3: The deer and its history, 1911

Publisher

  • Christoph Martin Wieland's selected works, 4 vols, 1902
  • Novalis. Selected Works, 3 vols, 1903
  • Of Angelus Silesius Cherubinischer wanderer, 1905

Editor

  • Curt grotto joke: man and nature. From Bölsche added discount output. The Book Club, Berlin 1928.
Nicola Perscheid Non-fiction Adult high school Freethought Monism Development theory Heinrich Harder Neue Deutsche Biographie Integrated Authority File
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