Adoxa
Moschuskraut ( Adoxa moschatellina )
The Moschuskraut ( Adoxa moschatellina ) or Bisamkraut is a plant from the family of musk weed plants ( Adoxaceae ). It is not uncommon in the deciduous forests of the Northern Hemisphere. It is a typical springtime plant that casts out in February and withdraws again from May to June.
In addition, are or have been in use for the Moschuskraut, partly regionally, there are the following: Besmetblüema ( Aargau ), Bins Buttercup (Alsace ), Binsenkräutlein (Silesia ), Moschatelle, Waldrauch (Alsace ) and forest diamond.
- 4.1 Literature
- 4.2 Notes and references
Description
Habit and leaf
The musk is a perennial herbaceous plant that reaches the stature heights of 5 to 15 cm. She is a Geophyt and forms a rhizome than Überdauerungsorgan. The Überdauerungseinheit are Hibernakel winter buds of the thickened ends of short-lived offshoots, as well as underground, monopodial branch out. The horizontal creeping rhizome is covered with white fleshy Lower leaves. At the end of the growing season it thickens bulbous. Propagation is usually vegetatively via the stolon -like rhizomes, where the connection is lost from the parent plant in the first winter.
Most leaves are basal and twice in three parts with a 4.5 to 11.0 cm long petiole. The first-order partial leaves are long-petiolate and their three leaflets are also sometimes split only deep. The second order partial leaves are short-stalked, and their three leaflets are divided again. On bald and always unbranched stems sit exactly two opposite leaves that are easy fingered three parts. At most of the middle finger is slightly split.
Inflorescence, flower and fruit
The inflorescence consists of a single, terminal, cube-shaped, small head, which is on the top and on the four side faces each have a flower. The edge length of the cube is about 1 cm. The hermaphrodite flowers are four - or fünfzählig. The upper flower has two sepals and four petals. The four lateral flowers have three sepals and five petals. The petals have a yellowish- green or pale green color. It is only a circuit with four or five stamens present, they are divided almost to the bottom in two parts. The flowering period extends from March to May The female flower organs 'll either in the male ( Protogynie ) or simultaneously with the male fertile ( homogamy ). The flowers give over multicellular glandular hairs of nectar, pollination takes place mainly by flying, self-pollination is possible.
The fruit stand grows on a spirally rolled handle and is prostrate in fruit ripening. Probably a matter of spreading the seeds, but the seed dispersal by ants, snails, which receive the seeds and leave with the feces, and by birds. The stone fruits are small and smell of strawberries. The highly elongated sepals and the style are retained on the fruit. Each fruit contains four to five flat, 3 to 3.5 mm long seeds.
Occurrence
The musk is found in deciduous woods and thickets throughout the temperate northern hemisphere. It needs fresh, moist and nutrient-rich soil and loves forests with strong herb plantings.
System
The Moschuskraut ( Adoxa moschatellina ) is a representative of the genus Adoxa in the family of musk herb plants ( Adoxaceae ). It was published in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, Volume 1, page 367 for the first time. Synonyms for Adoxa L. moschatellina among other Adoxa inodora ( Falc. ex CBClarke ) Nepomn. and Adoxa moschatellina var inodora Falc. ex C.B.Clarke. The genus name derives from the Greek word Adoxa adoxos from, which means unimpressive. The specific epithet moschatellina takes up the musky scent of the plant cover.