Al-Ikhlas

Al- Ikhlás ( [ alʔixlɒ ː s ˁ ]; Arab الإخلاص, DMG al - IHLAS, Faith without reservation ') is the 112th sura of the Qur'an and one of his shortest.

It consists of four verses ( ayat ) and treated the concept of Tawheed ( Oneness of God ). Due to its contents, this Surah is also called " Tawheed " and " samad " because of the name of God occurring there. Often the first verse used to describe the entire Surah.

Ikhlás means " devotion, loyalty, sincerity, loyalty ," The word does not appear in this sura, but serves as a kind of table of contents. Is meant by this word " the religious attitude of those who adjust their faith completely to God. '" The question of whether al - Ikhlás is a Meccan or Medinan sura is controversial. In the official edition of the Koran Azhar (1924 ) it is called Makkan. In the Islamic sciences of the Qur'an but it is often understood as Madinan because they understood the content of Mohammed in response to a question of the Jews about the nature of God.

The Sure belongs next to the opening of Surat al- Fatiha of the best known acids and is often part of the ritual prayer (salat ) in Islam.

Text of the Sura

By Friedrich Rückert (1788-1866) derived the following poetic version. ( " In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful " ) After basmala follows:

" Say: God is One ( 1) an eternally pure, (2) has not begotten and has not begotten him, (3) and it is not an equal. (4) "

The rhyming prose is also found in the original text in Arabic (simplified transcription):

" Qul huwa ' llāhu ahad Allaahu ' s- samad lam yalid wa -lam yūlad wa -lam yakun lahu ahad kufuwan "

Importance

In verse 1, the monotheistic principle of Islam is underlined. Verse 3 is interpreted as a rejection of the Christian conceptions of the divine sonship of Jesus Christ. The meaning of the word " samad ", in which there is a hapax legomenon that Koranexegeten explain different and in the Koran research it is also controversial.

When it 697 Umayyad caliph ʿ under the Abd al -Malik came for the first time Islamic coinage, this contributed to the back as an endorsement of the text of the Qur'an. In three of the four surviving inscriptions erected by ʿ Abd al -Malik Dome of the Rock the Sure appears.

In popular belief, the Qur'an is also awarded a protective function. In Morocco, this sura is used as an amulet against the evil eye, provided it has been written by a young man by the name of Muhammad or Ahmad.