Ali ibn al-Athir

Ibn al - Athir ( born May 12, 1160 Dschazīrat Ibn ʿ Umar (now Cizre province of Sirnak, Turkey), † 1233 in Mosul ), with full name ʿ Alī ibn Muhammad ibn ʿ Abd al - Karīm ibn ʿ Abd al - Wahid, Abū l -Hasan al - Dschazarī ash- Shaybani, the honorary title ʿ Izz al - Dīn, Arabic علي بن محمد بن عبد الكريم بن عبد الواحد, أبو الحسن الجزري الشيباني, عز الدين, ʿ Alī b DMG. Muḥammad b. ʿ Abd al - Karīm b. ʿ Abd al - Wahid, Abū ʾ l - Ḥasan al - Ǧazarī aš - Šaibānī, ʿ Izz ad -Din, was the most important Muslim historian of the Middle Ages.

The family led his lineage back to the Arab tribe of Banū Shaiban. " Al - Dschazarī " stands for his birthplace, Dschazīrat Ibn ʿ Umar, today Cizre, where the al - Athir Banū were among the best-known large families.

Works

• Al - ʾ fī Kāmil t- Tuarikh / الكامل في التأريخ / Kamil fī ʾ t- ta ʾ RIH /, the full story '. The author mentions the title in the introduction: " I ​​have titled (this book) as it corresponds to his own mind. Fī ʾ al - Kāmil t- ta ʾ Rih "

In his major work, which was created in Mosul, he described the history of the Islamic world from the Creation to the year 1230 to 1231. By the year 922 the annalistisch located work is a summary extract from the history of al-Tabari, whose Überliefererketten omit the author and harmonize the text with other sources. Thus Ibn al - Athir is " a synthesis of all that is what had been compiled by the historiography. "

Sometimes he put out his sources to the advantage of the dynasty of Zengids, whom he served. This work includes information on the siege of Jerusalem in 1099 by the Crusaders and their assault on the Al -Aqsa Mosque on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, in which tens of thousands were killed.

Many historians have used the plant in the subsequent period as the source.

For the first time the work is in Leiden 1851-1876 by ​​the Swedish orientalist CJ Tornberg been issued under the title of Ibn al - Athiri Chronicon quod perfectissium inscribitur in 14 volumes and reprinted several times since then.

• Usd al - ma ʿ rifat ghaba fī as- Sahaba / أسد الغابة في معرفة الصحابة / Usd al - ma ʿ fī GABA Rifati ʾ s- Sahaba /, The Lion of the thicket to the knowledge of the Prophet's companions '. This work is a comprehensive biography of the life and work of the Prophet's companions, in which he often described the lives of about 7,500 male companions of Muhammad, with reference to the prophet sayings that have been handed down by Muhammad in alphabetical order. He devoted the last volume, in accordance with the practices of Islamic biographers, the female companions.

With the zengidischen Atabegs of Mosul, he dealt in a laudatory work.

Sources