Ali Qushji
ʿ Alā ʾ ad - Dīn ʿ Alī ibn Muhammad al- Quschdschī (Arabic علا الدين علي بن محمد القشجى, DMG ʿ Alā ʾ ad - Dīn ʿ Alī ibn Muhammad al- Qušǧī, Turkish على القوشجى Ali Kuşçu, IA ʿ Alī al- Ḳuşcı; * 1403 Samarkand, † December 16, 1474 in Istanbul) was an astronomer, mathematician and theologian in the 15th century, the first, then worked at the court of Tamerlane in Samarkand in Istanbul at the court of the Ottoman Empire. According to various biographical sources he is Turkish or Persian. His descent.
Life
His father was a falconer of Timuridenfürsten Shah Ruch (hence the name " Quschdschī " / " Qušǧī ", generally Turkish for " Falkner" ). Al- Quschdschī was a student and collaborator of Ulugh Beg in Samarkand, his son and researched and taught at the madrasa and observatory. After the death of Qadi Zadas 1436 he headed the observatory and led the observations further, found that inclusion in the star signs Zīdsch -e Jadid -e Sultani. After Ulugh Beg's assassination in 1449, the observatory was destroyed. Al- Quschdschī escaped after Tabriz. He succeeded, a copy of the star signs Zīdsch e - Sultani, the summarizing the work of the astronomer Ulugh Beg order to rescue.
Uzun Hasan, the ruler of the Turkmen confederation of the White Sheep in Tabriz, sent him as ambassador to the Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II's visit to Istanbul. Later he taught at the madrasa at the Hagia Sofia.
His astronomical work included a reform of the Ptolemaic model of the movement of the planet Mercury. His hypothesis of the rotation of the Earth is in the tradition of Islamic astronomy since the School of Maragha by Nasir ad -Din at- Tusi. They were based on the observation of comets. Nicolaus Copernicus knew these hypotheses, but it is not known in what way he learned about it. A transmission path to Europe might have gone through al - Qušdschī. The star charts were indeed printed until 1665 in England, but there were already around 1500 in Venice, a translation into Hebrew.
Footnote
Works
- Comment on al - Tusi's Tadschrid - al-' Aqaid ( Abstract of Theology)
Astronomy
- Şerh ZIC -i -i Uluğ Bey
- Risale fî Halli Eşkâli Mu'addili'l - camera li'l - Mesir ( Fâide fî Eşkâli ' Utârid )
- Risale fî Asli'l - Haric Yumkin fî's - Sufliyyeyn
- Şerh ' ale't - Tuhfeti'ş - Şâhiyye fi'l - Hey'e
- El- Fethiyye fî ' İlmi'l - Hey'e
- Risale fî Halli Eşkâli'l - camera
Mathematics
- Risâletu'l - Muhammediyye fi'l - Hisab
- Risulah is ' ilm al - Hisab (Treatise of Arithmetic )
Islamic jurisprudence
- ES Şerhu'l - Cedîd ale't - Tecrîd
- Hâşiye ale't - Telvîh
- Unkud - üz - fi Zevahir Nazm -ul - Cevahir
Mechanics
- Tezkire fî Âlâti'r - Ruhâniyye
Linguistics
- Şerhu'r - Risâleti'l - Vadiyye
- El- İfsâh
- El- Unkûdu'z - Zevâhir fî Nazmi'l - Cevahir
- Şerhu'ş - Safiye
- Risale fî Beyani Vadi'l - Mufredât
- Fâ'ide li - Tahkîki Lâmi't - Ta'rîf
- Risale mâ Ene cultures
- Risale fi'l - Hamd
- Risale fî İlmi'l - Me'ânî
- Risale fî Bahsi'l - Mufred
- Risale fi'l - Fenni's - Sani min İlmihal - beyan
- Tefsîru'l - Bakara ve ALi Imran
- Risale fi'l - İstişâre
- Mahbub -ul - Hamail fi keşif -il- mesail
- Tecrid -ul - Kelam