Ambrosians

Ambrosianer (Latin: Fratres S. Ambrosii ) are religious communities, focusing on the hl. Ambrose of Milan as the patron saint invoked. They used the " Ambrosian chant " and celebrated the " Ambrosian rite ". The doctor of the Church Ambrose himself was not of original founders of religious orders.

Origins of the Ambrose Medal

In the 14th century founded a community of hermits three noble Milanese. They were joined later joined by some priests. The hermits were given by Pope Gregory XI. (1370-1378) to live approval under the rules of Augustine and celebrate the Holy Mass according to the Ambrosian rite. They received the name of " Fratres Sancti Ambrosii ad Nemus " ( en.: Ambrose brothers of the forest ). Their habit consisted of a tunic and a brown scapular with a brown hood. As a spiritual leader, the Brotherhood chose a Superior, who was responsible to the Archbishop of Milan. The members of the community priests were allowed to accept any public or ecclesiastical offices, she worked as a preacher, and held religious services in the Ambrosian rite. In the following years came other convent offices, but committing to any formal binding. 1441, the Community of Pope Eugenius IV ( 1431-1447 ) was raised to a congregation. In the first half of the 15th century, also a female branch was founded in Varese, near Milan. The Saint Charles Borromeo, Archbishop of Milan, reformed and reorganized in 1579, the religious communities of Ambrosianer use them for the pastoral care and poor relief. In the course of reclassifications in 1589 by Pope Sixtus V (1585-1590 ) became part of the Congregation of the Brothers of Saint Barnabas. The reorganization was completed in 1606 and by Pope Paul V ( 1605-1621 ) canonically recognized. The Congregation was divided into four Provinces, it was elected a Superior General, new monasteries were built and adopted a new Constitution Order. Despite some good general Superiore and the high visibility of the monks to Pope Innocent X in 1650 decided ( 1644-1655 ) dissolve the congregation.

The Oblates

Borromeo had also in 1578 launched the " Oblates of St. Ambrose " to life during the great plague in Milan. In great foresight he had this Congregation founded so that the pilgrims, the sick and the needy could be cared for and looked after. The Congregation was revived in the 19th century and was able to spread, for example, in the Kingdom of Great Britain.

( See main article: Oblates of St. Ambrose and Charles )

Ambrosianer outside Italy

Following the example of Charles Borromeo 's Following founded in the 19th century Bishop Louis- Édouard -François- Désiré Cardinal Pie of Poitiers and Bishop Konrad Martin of Paderborn new priestly communities along the lines of Ambrose Oblates. While Bishop Pie the order the name " Oblates of St.. Hilary of Poitiers " zuwies, gave Bishop Martin of Paderborn Congregation the name " priest of Mary ".

The most famous religious community Ambrosian embossing were the " Oblates of St.. Carl " - named after Charles Borromeo - in London. The foundation was initiated by Cardinal Wiseman and implemented by Cardinal Henry Edward Manning. The institute of consecrated life in accordance with diocesan legal leaned closely to the rules of the order, which by St. Were designed Karl. The Holy See approved 1857, the religious community and confirmed them and the rules of the order in 1877. Their first home found the Oblates of St.. Charles in Bayswater and although opposing forces against the new order was opposed succeeded Archbishop Manning and the subsequent archbishops of Westminster to promote the work and to strengthen the stock. Under Manning's leadership, a primary school, a secondary school and the College of St. Charles were founded in London. 1861, Pope Pius IX. (1846-1878) opened the new building of the Pontifical English College in Rome in 1867 and appointed the first Oblates of St.. Charles Rector.

Nicholas Patrick Stephen Cardinal Wiseman

Henry Edward Cardinal Manning

Ambrosianerinnen

Already in 1408 had founded a female cloistered Order with the name "Sisters of the Annunciation of Mary " three young women from Pavia. They were also under the name " Sisters of St.. Known Marcellina " and talked several monasteries that were scattered in the area of ​​Lombardy and the Veneto. Pope Pius V (1566-1572) united the monastic communities and put them under the Augustinian rules. The parent company, based the Prioress was built in Pavia. From this Ambrosian Congregation, St. Catherine of Genoa grew.

The first " Ambrose sisters " wore the same brown habit as the Ambrose brothers, their statutes resembled the male order and they also cultivated the Ambrosian rite. In 1474 they received from Pope Sixtus IV ( 1471-1484 ) the approval and founded on the summit of Monte Varese their first convent; her biggest supporter - as well as with all religious communities of Ambrosianer - was Charles Borromeo. On the Holy Mountain of Varese blessed foundress Catherine Moriggi lived. From the Sisterhood still grew the blessed Juliana Puricelli and Benedetta Bimia and Lucia Alciata. The female medal went under in 1540.