Amelanchier

Amelanchier lamarckii (syn. A. grandiflora )

The plant genus juneberries ( Amelanchier ) belongs to the pome fruit crops ( Pyrinae ) in the rose family ( Rosaceae ).

Etymology

The botanical genus name Amelanchier is derived from the Franco- Provençal term " amelanche " ovalis for the fruits of Amelanchier native there. The word " amelanche " is Celtic - Gallic origin and means nothing more than " little apple ". The first written mention of Amelanchier dates from the year 1549.

Description

Amelanchier are deciduous, small trees and shrubs. The simple, stalked leaves are often hairy tomentose. The leaf margins are smooth or serrated. Stipules are present.

In racemose inflorescences many flowers are borne. The cup is bell-shaped flowers. The hermaphroditic, flowers are radial symmetry fünfzählig. The edge of the five sepals is smooth. The five free petals are white. There are ten to 20 stamens present. The two to five carpels are constantly until half inferior. The two to five pens are partially fused or free.

The dark purple to bluish black, small, apple-shaped fruit with four to ten seeded subjects still exhibit the recurved sepals. The fruits are generally considered non-toxic, but small amounts are included in cyanogenic glycosides, mainly in the leaves and seeds. The swallowed chewed seeds but make no danger dar.

Use

Today juneberries species are usually cultivated as ornamental shrubs. From the wild fruits, however, a sweet jam with marzipanartigem flavor can be produced. In Canada, there are plantations of Erlenblättrigen Juneberry or Saskatoon ( Amelanchier alnifolia ).

Juneberries fruits contain many vitamins, normalize sleep, cardiac output, lower blood pressure and help with throat and mouth inflammation. The fruits contain among other flavonoids (vitamin P ), which may contribute to the consolidation, extension and general elasticity of blood vessels.

Species

The genus Amelanchier ( Amelanchier ) comprises 25 species, which are almost all widespread in North America. One type is in Europe to Asia Minor, and two species are native to Asia. As ornamental shrubs species Amelanchier lamarckii, Amelanchier laevis and Amelanchier ovalis and their varieties are traded in Central Europe.

  • Erlenblättrige Juneberry or Saskatoon ( Amelanchier alnifolia ( Nutt. ) Nutt. M. Roem ex. )
  • Amelanchier arborea ( F.Michx. ) Fernald
  • Asian Juneberry ( Amelanchier asiatica ( Sieb. & Zucc. ) Endl. Walpers ex ), East Asia
  • Amelanchier ballerina is the most commonly offered species in Germany
  • Amelanchier bartramiana ( exchange) M. Roem.
  • Basaltbewohnende Juneberry ( Amelanchier basalticola Piper )
  • Canadian Amelanchier Amelanchier canadensis (L.) Medik.
  • Amelanchier confusa Hylander
  • Amelanchier denticulata ( Kunth ) K. Koch, Mexico
  • Amelanchier fernaldii Wiegand
  • Amelanchier humilis Wiegand
  • Amelanchier interior E.L. Nielsen
  • Kahle Juneberry ( Amelanchier laevis Wiegand )
  • Amelanchier nantucketensis E. P. Bicknell
  • Amelanchier obovalis ( Michx. ) Ashe
  • Ordinary Amelanchier or True or European Amelanchier ( Amelanchier ovalis Medik. ), Central and Southern Europe
  • Amelanchier pallida Greene
  • Amelanchier pumila Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray
  • Blood Red Juneberry ( Amelanchier sanguinea ( Pursh ) DC. ), North America.
  • Amelanchier sinica ( CKSchneider ) Chun: Is endemic in China Art
  • Spiked Amelanchier or broom - Juneberry ( Amelanchier spicata ( Lam.) K. Koch ), North America
  • Suckering end Juneberry ( Amelanchier stolonifera Wiegand )
  • Amelanchier utahensis Koehne, North America

Plant diseases

Amelanchier species are sometimes attacked by mildew. In the question mildew Podosphaera species clandestina come var clandestina, Phyllactinia guttata and Phyllactinia mali.

Swell

  • Description in the Flora of China (English )
Rosales Spiraeoideae Maleae Friedrich Kasimir Medikus
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