Anders Erikson Sparrman
Unlike Sparrman ( born February 27, 1748 in Tensta, Sweden, † August 9, 1820 in Stockholm) was a Swedish physician, botanist and ornithologist. Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Sparrm. ".
Life
Unlike Sparrman is the son of the pastor Eric Sparrman and his wife Brita Högbom. With about 10 years he went to Uppsala, he enrolled at the University of Uppsala and became a pupil of Linnaeus there. At 14, he began his medical studies. During his studies he learned Carl Peter Thunberg, with whom later developed a close friendship united him.
In 1765 he was under the command of Captain Carl Gustav Ekeberg ( 1716-1784 ) ship's doctor aboard the Stockholms Slott and traveled to 1767, the East Indies and China. On November 30, 1768 published his dissertation under the title Iter in Chinam with which he completed his medical studies.
In order to study the nature of southern Africa, he sailed in January 1772 by Gothenburg to Cape Town, where he arrived in April. In November 1772, he went as assistant to Johann Reinhold Forster on board the Resolution and took until March 1775 participated in the second voyage of James Cook. During the trip, he translated the work in 1752 published De Morbis infantum by Nils Rosén Rosenstein into English.
In July 1776, he returned to Sweden, where he was awarded his doctorate ( Dr. med ) in the absence already in 1773. In the same year he was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 1780 he was director of the Natural History Collection of the Academy and in 1781 professor of natural history and pharmacology.
His travels he described in 1783 in his work Resa till Goda Hopps - Udden. Already in 1784 appeared under the title Journey to the Cape of Good Hope, the southern polar regions and around the world, mainly in the countries of the Hottentots and Kaffirs in the years 1772-1776 the evaluation conducted by Christian Heinrich Groskurd German translation. 1785 was followed by an English and a French in 1787, and a Dutch translation of the book.
From 1787 he broke from Paris and traveled on behalf of the Swedish king Gustav III. , One year together with Carl Axel Arrhenius ( 1757-1824 ) and Carl Bernhard Wadström ( 1746-1799 ) West Africa, among others the areas of the present states of Guinea, Cape Verde, Senegal and Gorée Island. In 1790 he was medicum Assessor of the Collegium.
In 1786 published Museum Carlsonianum describes and Anders Sparrman illustrates 100 species from the private collection of Johan Gustaf Carlson ( 1743-1801 ) from Mälby ( Södermanland ). Among them are 12 species of birds from New Zealand which he had brought back from his journey with James Cook. Begun in 1805 Svensk Ornithology is exclusively dedicated to the Swedish species of birds.
Honors
- According to him, the plant genus of rooms Linden ( Sparrmannia ) is named.
- The asteroid with the number 16646 is named Sparrman.
- A on August 28, 1986 issued by French Polynesia stamp issue presents Anders Sparrman with Daniel Solander and a map of Tahiti.
Works (selection)
- The Diseases of Children, and Their Remedies (London, 1776) Translation by Nils Rosén Rosensteins De Morbis infantum
- Resa till Goda Hopps - Udden, södra Polkretsen och omkring Jordklotet, including till Hottentot -och Caffer - landing Aren 1772-1776 (Stockholm, Volume 1: 1783; Volume 2 Part 1: 1802, Volume 2, Part 2: 1818)
- (Published 1786-89, in 4 parts ) Museum Carlsonianum, in quo novas et Selectas aves, coloribus ad vivum brevique descriptione illustratas, suasu et sumtibus generosissimi possessoris
- Svensk Ornithology Med efter nativity colorerade tekningar (1805-1816, published in 11 parts )
Swell
- Biographiskt encyclopedia öfver namnkunnige svenske män. Stockholm, 1835-1875
- David G. Medway: The extant type specimens of birds from New Zealand and the Society Islands collected on Cook's second voyage and Described by Anders Sparrman in Carlsonianum Museum ( 1786-1789 ). In: Notornis 51 (3 ), pp. 131-135 (PDF)
- Unlike Sparrman joins the voyage