Anthemis
Arable Chamomile ( Anthemis arvensis)
The dog Chamomile ( Anthemis ) are a genus in the sunflower family ( Asteraceae), with around 100 species.
Description
The dog chamomile are annual or perennial plants that are woody herbaceous or at the bottom. The plant height ranging from 20 to 50 centimeters.
The leaves are alternate and more or less hairy strong. You are single or double pinnatisect. The sections are usually linear- lanceolate to linear.
The baskets are individually on the stem end and are medium in size. The shell is hemispherical to a funnel. The bracts are in several rows, and are blunt and hautrandig. The basket bottom is flat or hemispherical to conical, but not hollow. The leaves are lanceolate or subulate chaff, and pointed at the end of slender, acute, or mucronate. The baskets contain tubes and ray florets, rarely tubular flowers.
The ray florets are male or rarely sterile. The tongue is white or yellow, rarely missing. The tubular flowers are numerous, the crown is yellow. At the base of the crown is not been sacked and has no extension.
The fruits are elongated inverted - conical to cylindrical, round or flattened stem square in cross-section, clearly 10 to 20 - Rippig. They have a very short, glattrandiges Pappuskrönchen or Pappus absent.
Etymology
The name Anthemis has already been used by the Greeks and Romans for camomiles and dog camomiles.
System
The genus is placed in the tribe Anthemideae. The exhibition comprises around 100 species. As a result molokularphylogenetischer studies, for example, the previously evaluated as a subgenus of the genus Anthemis Cota was separated in modern times. The occurring in Central Europe species are:
- Arable Chamomile ( Anthemis arvensis L.)
- Carpathian Chamomile ( Anthemis carpatica Waldst. & Kit. Ex Willd. )
- Stinking Chamomile ( Anthemis cotula L.)
- Ruthenian Chamomile ( Anthemis ruthenica Bieb. )
In the Mediterranean region occur (selection):
- Anthemis aaronsohnii Eig
- Anthemis abrotanifolia ( Willd.) cast. , Is only found on Crete.
- Anthemis abylaea ( font cross & Maire ) Oberpr.
- Anthemis Aciphylla Boiss.
- Anthemis aetnensis Schouw
- Anthemis ammanthus Greuter, occurs only in Greece and Crete.
- Anthemis auriculata Boiss.
- Anthemis bornmuelleri Stoj. & Eight.
- Anthemis chia L.
- Anthemis cretica L. with over 20 subspecies, including: subsp. alpina (L.) R. Fern. , only occurs in the Apennines.
- Subsp. carpatica ( Willd.) Grierson
- Subsp. cinerea ( Pančić ) Oberpr. & Greuter, occurs only in Bulgaria and the former Yugoslavia.
- Subsp. cretica
- Subsp. calabrica ( Arcang. ) R. Fern. , occurs only in Calabria.
- Subsp. saxatilis ( DC.) R. Fern. , occurs only in France.
- Subsp. tenuiloba ( DC.) Grierson
No more genus Anthemis include:
- High chamomile ( Cota altissima (L.) J. Gay, Syn: Anthemis altissima L.)
- Austrian Chamomile ( Cota austriaca ( Jacq. ) Sch Bip, Syn: .. . Anthemis austriaca Jacq )
- Färberkamille ( Cota tinctoria (L.) J. Gay, Syn: Anthemis tinctoria L.)
- Trionfettis chamomile ( Cota triumfettii (L.) J. Gay, Syn: Anthemis triumfettii (L. ) DC. )