Anthony Jenkinson
Antony Jenkinson (* 1530 in Market Harborough, Leicestershire, England; † February 1611 in Ashton, Northamptonshire ) was an English diplomat.
Life
Antony Jenkinson was the second son of Elizabeth and William Jenkinson a Latifundisten. Antony Jenkinson to 1546 studied at Oxford. He then traveled to the Levant. He was in Europe, well traveled, knew all the islands of the Mediterranean, visited Damascus and Jerusalem. 1553 he was in Aleppo as Suleiman I had 300 000 soldiers marched through the city in the war. He reported on Suleiman I visit and was informed of this the prerogative of royalty- free trade and safe passage for its ships in the Ottoman ports. 1555 Jenkinson was a member of the Worshipful Company of Mercers. 1557 he was appointed captain-general of the Muscovy Company fleet as successor to Richard Chancellor and Hugh Willoughby. On May 3, In 1557 it stood out from London to bring the Russian ambassador to Saint Petersburg with the Prime Rose and three other ships at sea by Osip Nepea.
In Moscow he should negotiations result in an Anglo - Russian trade agreements and explore a trade route through Russia to the Middle East. The convoy reached on June 12, 1557 the White Sea, exploring Vologda and Kholmogory. On his trip to Moscow, he studied the Russian trading system and the Russian industry. He was received by Ivan IV on December 25, 1557 with a banquet. He received from the Czar a passport that allowed him along the Volga River and travel through Astrakhan. In the spring of 1558 Jenkinson led a small group which traveled down the Volga and sailed across the Caspian Sea and further traveled with a cart of Bukhara. He negotiated a commercial treaty with the Emir. Political unrest and threats in Central Asia made him of his intention to China deal to travel. He led the company travel back to Moscow, reported to the Czar's report and returned in February 1560 back to London. In August 1561 Jenkinson led another tour group across the Caspian Sea to the court of King Abdullah II in Derbent in the Caucasus. He traveled overland to the Persian capital of Qazvin where he Tahmasp I. granted any commercial benefits. On his way back he scored with Abdullah II a favorable agreement, the trade of the English woolen clothing for Persian silk. This opened the Muscovy Company long-term trade relations, which were terminated by the spread of the Ottomans in the region, epidemics, and the premature death of Abdullah II. He returned on September 28, 1563 back to London, where he asked for Elizabeth I to support for an expedition to discover a northeast passage. His wish was not met and Jenkinson was to prevent the failed attempt by the return of James Hepburn 4th Earl of Bothwell to Scotland, busy. The Muscovy Company sought to Elizabeth I. Jenkinson again to send to Russia in order to dedicate himself to this the affairs of the company. With Ivan IV he received on 22 September 1567 trade monopoly on the White Sea trade. 1568 Jenkins was back in London. 1571 Jenkinson was sent to Moscow by Ivan IV to vote again probably, he had revoked the trade monopoly and the goods Muscovy Company expropriated because his proposal was ignored for a military agreement.
Jenkinson's last trip to Moscow in 1571 coincided with an attack of Crimean Tatars together on Moscow and the outbreak of an epidemic in northern Russia, which delayed his journey to the court of the Tsar. Jenkinson was able to negotiate a comprehensive peace with the Tsar. He returned to be mixed with the aim to retire in September 1572 back to London. 1576 he was employed on a committee that was preparing to search for a Northeast Passage. In 1577 he was ambassador to Denmark. In 1610 he was retired and managed his estate in Sywell, Northamptonshire.
Russia Map of Jenkinson 1562 range Caspian Sea.
Published map of Jenkinson, 1598 in Amsterdam