Anton Janša

Anton Janscha or Anton Janša ( born May 20, 1734 Bresniza; † September 13, 1773 in Vienna) was a Slovenian Hofimkermeister of Maria Theresa, inventor of the first Zargenbetriebsweise, conductor and teacher at the school to promote beekeeping as well as author of numerous monographs on beekeeping and beekeeping.

Early years

From the days of his childhood and adolescence is known that Anton Janscha has already impressed quite early for beekeeping and is said to have helped in his father's apiaries. In 1766 he graduated with his brothers, Lawrence and Valentin, at the K & K Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna, a three-year apprenticeship as an engraver.

Appointment as a lecturer at the Imperial Court

1769 Empress Maria Theresa ordered the establishment of a bee school. Responsible for building drew the Lower Austrian Economics Society, which proposed Anton Janscha as suitable candidates for the post of Director. In an imperial court decree of 7 April 1770 arranged, "(...) the in beekeeping particularly experienced painters Janscha (...)" to refer to the K & K Teacher beekeeping. The newly founded school was moved to the Augarten and was named Theresianische beekeepers school.

Janscha pontificating about beekeeping and practical demonstrations held in front of members of the nobility and the bourgeoisie from. He designed the first Zargenbetriebsweise in which moved the rear wall, and thus the strength of the colonies could be adjusted, although the movable comb was still completely unknown.

He also promoted the migration of bees in the buckwheat costume.

Activity as beescientists

In addition to teaching, Janscha also dealt with scientific knowledge about bees. He first discovered beekeepers located in the bulb section thickened chitinous plates that are separating as a mating sign of the queen when Ausstülpungsvorgang during mating of the skin and are ejected.

Janscha could also demonstrate that the queen bee is fertilized by several drones in the air. He wrote in his writings first instructions on the breeding of queen bees and gave practical advice on the treatment drohnenbrütiger peoples and operated the so-called drones breeding. In studies on the swarming of bees, he noted that the so-called Vorschwarm with the old queen leaves the hive. He also invented a safety device for runaway swarms, called swarm catcher floor.

Inventor of the Krainer Bauer stick

Janscha is considered the inventor of the Krainer Bauer stick, which he developed from the usual in the Krain horizontal hives. The main feature of this flat box was his detachable fascia. The bottom board could also be taken so as to an exact inspection people perform.

Aftermath

• Two years after his death on April 8, 1775 passed a law to promote beekeeping in order to foster the development of the Austrian beekeeping.
• 1781, the school was disbanded under Emperor Joseph II again.
• 1787 the payment of premiums was advertised in beekeepers who have to care for a larger number of bee colonies.
• 1799, the planting of bee honey plants was recommended by imperial decree.

Works

Shortly after his death published Münzberg Joseph, a student of Anton Janscha, his literary estate: