Arnold Flammersfeld

Arnold Flammersfeld (* 1913, † 2001) was a German physicist and university teacher.

Flammersfeld studied 1931-1937 Physics at the Friedrich- Wilhelms- University (since 1949 Humboldt -Universität ) in Berlin. From 1937 was Flammersfeld Researcher of Lise Meitner at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Chemistry in Berlin- Dahlem, whose third division of Otto Hahn and Lise Meitner was conducted. This department was one of the leading nuclear physics institutes. Here doctorate Flammersfeld 1938 Lise Meitner with a measurement of the beta spectrum of the bismuth isotope 210Bi, which could interpret the theory of beta decay until many years later. A few months later had to leave Lise Meitner Germany. But Flammersfeld held epistolary contact with her and reported on the progress of his spectroscopic work.

Flammersfeld was from 1939 to 1945 employees in the German " uranium project", initially for two years under Walther Bothe in the Department of Physics at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Medical Research ( since 1948 Max Planck Institute for Medical Research ) in Heidelberg, then again at the institute in Dahlem, which was relocated in 1943 after Tailfingen (Württemberg). In Heidelberg he worked with Bothe about the split and the resonant neutron capture in natural uranium, and he also examined the products of uranium fission. He was able to prove with a double ionization chamber, the "two- hump " structure in the energy and mass structure of the cleavage fragments. In Tailfingen Flammersfeld began on a small particle accelerator experiments for the production of isomeric nuclei, which then formed his most important field of work for a long time. From there Flammersfeld 1947 Habilitation in Tubingen, here was a lecturer and moved in 1949 to the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry in Mainz. Here especially the Isomerenexperimente were continued and extended to include the measurement of coefficients in the converted radiation transitions. Together with Josef Matt, too, he published the relevant for a long time "Isotope Report".

1954 Arnold Flammersfeld walked in the footsteps of Hans Kopfermann as director of the Institute of Physics II at the Georg- August University in Göttingen. There he built a modern Institute of Nuclear Physics. First, the preparation and spectroscopy isomeric nuclei was continued on a 1 MV - pressure tank cascade promoter and enhanced by the use of scintillation detectors for then new electrons and photons. Then came 1958, a call to the post of Physical Director at the Hahn- Meitner Institute in Berlin -Wannsee. However Flammersfeld decided to stay in Göttingen. As a result, the Göttingen Institute was considerably enlarged, and a large accelerator came to Göttingen. The synchrocyclotron served primarily the isotope production. On the machine as well as on the radio chemical laboratory newly installed pure sources for the extensively operated decay spectroscopy were prepared. An important role was played by, among others, the direct generation of gaseous sources in the internal beam and the rapid transport of radioactive nuclei in aerosols in noble gas jets. The internal cyclotron was suitable for producing a strong monochromatic photon sources with which, inter alia, the first evidence of the dispersive Delbrück scattering succeeded. This effect, which was predicted as early as 1933 in the institute in Dahlem is based on the vacuum polarization, which gives the Coulomb field of heavy nuclei a refractive index.

In addition to the research field was Arnold Flammer central concern academic teaching, especially the education of the students in the large placements. The Göttingen Academy of Sciences elected in 1956 Flammersfeld to their member. In office year 1961/62 he was rector of the University of Göttingen. In 1978, the retirement took place.

Works

  • Isomers in stable nuclei with rhodium, silver, dysprosium and hafnium - 1946
  • Isotope report - together with Josef Matt Also, Tübingen, 1949
  • Problems of modern nuclear physics, Göttingen, 1962
  • Nuclear physicist
  • Lise Meitner
  • University teachers (Georg -August- University of Göttingen)
  • German
  • Born in 1913
  • Died in 2001
  • Man
Dahlem (Berlin) German nuclear energy project Atomic nucleus Josef Mattauch Scintillation counter Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin
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