Artistic cycling

Art Cycling is a cycling and aesthetic sport that is mostly in gymnasiums on a specially designated Hallenrad (also called " machine room " ) exercised.

Disciplines

In the art cycling following disciplines are distinguished:

• One - art cycling of men or women
• Two - Artistic Cycling women and open class
• Quad Art Cycling Men or Women
• Six Art Cycling Men or Women
• Four -wheel driving of men or women
• Six- unicycling Men or Women

In the disciplines 1er and 2er art cycling of men and women and in 4 of the art cycling women world title and awarded at junior level European champion. In addition, the qualitative and quantitative stronghold of the art cycling, Cycling National Championships in 4 art of the men in a 6 art cycling and in 4 and 6 unicycling of men and women will be held in Germany. The championships will be at the county, district, state and federal level, in the categories Elite ( men and women), Junior / Youth ( male / female ) discharged and students.

When One - art cycling exercises are shown on a special wheel. These 30 exercises are shown in five minutes. These exercises can be simple basic elements ( eg, driving backwards, stop, ... ), static objects (such as on the saddle and handlebars ), static gymnastic elements (such as handstands, support scales, Vorhebehalten or Stützgrätschen ), Steiger ( exercises, in which only driven on the rear wheel), rotations ( = pirouettes ) (eg, in a Steiger position on the rear wheel), transitions ( = translational elements ) (of a climber position to another ), translational rotations (eg be. handlebar position rotation ( about the axis of the front wheel ), rotation jump ( to the front ) ), jumps and squats (for example, jump from the saddle to the handlebar state level ).

In twos Art Cycling is the freestyle of two parts. In one part ( usually the first ) two sportsmen / women ride on two wheels, exercises that are known to the one Art Cycling also from (eg Steiger ). Most exercises are thereby presented synchronously. In the other part, the athletes share a wheel; this can also share objects (such as one is standing at the saddle, the other on the handlebars ) are shown, there are also "carrying exercises " ( an athlete runs specific exercise position, the other is sitting or standing on the shoulders ) was added. Since 2008, this discipline is also mixed at Championships driven (Male / Female ).

In the four-and six - art cycling every athlete uses his own bike will be shown no gymnastics exercises related but different figures down as synchronously as possible. These can either Niederrad ( both wheels in contact with the ground) or in Steiger (front wheel has no contact with the ground) are each run forward or backward. For students this 25 exercises are shown in five minutes. For juniors or Elite 30 exercises are shown in 5 minutes.

The four-and six - unicycling, also called fc unicycling or dance, is from 2008, no more international discipline. In Germany unicycling is further shown how the four-and six - art cycling.

In all disciplines Germany 's absolute favorite. But fight for the top places International also always Austria, Czech Republic, Switzerland, France and, increasingly, China. The strongholds within Germany are in Württemberg, in the Rhine -Main area and in Bavaria.

The Kunstrad

The artistic cycling, also called "art driving machine " is a handmade Personenrad. It is equipped with special tires, what a secure grip on a flat surface, such as shop floor or wood parquet guaranteed. A rigid 1:1 translation enables rapid acceleration and braking, also is backward pass through the rigid motion also possible. Handlebar and saddle are designed so that you can stand on them with gym shoes. The link bars must be closed rounded or handles. The saddle must be factory- made ​​. He may have a maximum length of 300 mm, a maximum width of 220 mm and a largest unloaded deflection of 60 mm. The cranks need of center BB to center axis of the pedal have a length of 130-170 mm. Furthermore, there are appearances as mandrels with a maximum length of 50 mm, which are mounted on both sides of the axes of the wheels and allow more exercises in the single and double artistic cycling. Road safety within the meaning of the Highway Code is not a Kunstrad. Typical use on roads would damage the wheel also, since it is designed for use on flat surfaces.

The sportswear is in addition to the non-slip Gymnastikschläppchen usually from a solid gym pants ( leggings ) and a jersey. In team sports, the team must be uniformly dressed. In all disciplines a sporty presentation must take place before the competition, a freestyle music is possible.

Regulate

The driving surface is usually a hall floor made ​​of wood or Linodur and 11 m × 14 m must be large in international competitions. It is limited by side-lines, this may not be over. Both circles are ( according to the current regulations) each with 4 vertical bars, which are at the same distance. Around the center ( 0.5 m diameter circle ), two circles with a diameter of 4 m and 8 m are recorded. An exercise must normally be shown for one half- round, a round, an S or an 8 ( = Change round). When half a lap or normal round you have to go outside the four -meter circle. When an alternating round must be run twice over the center, and the two circuits must each have a radius of 2 m. The S is a half 8, hence the focus needs to be taken only once.

If there are jumps, transitions, and squatting is not mandatory, where they were performing.

All exercises in artistic cycling are selected from an internationally applicable regulations. You must be pre-selected for the freestyle and submitted to the jury using the standardized score sheets. Each exercise has a point value, which takes into account the difficulty of the exercise. The sum of all the difficulties referred to the established difficulty passing score in the score sheet.

This is the starting value for a competition. If so prescribed drain the freestyle is not observed, there are deductions. For deductions, the jury is responsible. A jury consists of a panel with two to three adjudicators as Announcer ( rating ) and two to three adjudicators as a writer. This review continuously the freestyle.

The free program itself runs according to strict specifications. Entering the driving surface, greeting the audience by curtsey or bow, taking the starting position. Then the athlete or the commander of the crew signaled by the signal word " Start" on the Timekeeper (a member of the jury ) the start of the freestyle. As of now, the program must be completed within five minutes. Interruptions of timing, there is only in very exceptional cases, for example in case of technical problems with the wheel or injuries of the athlete.

There are deductions from the difficulty:

• If the exercise is not shown the complete path
• Case of non- compliance with the order
• If the exercise is not done correctly
• Timeout

Furthermore, there are deductions for execution:

• At visible uncertainties ( attitude, riding style, irregular kick, stretch error, ...)
• With unclean execution
• When crossing the area boundary
• By inability to finish at the wheel (dropping the wheel at the end of the free program )
• With falls and short ground contact ( Tipper )

The coach must during the whole freestyle not leave the coaching zone. This is particularly relevant when changing a wheel in two (of two wheels on one or vice versa) is relevant, as the athletes carry the excess wheel to the coach or the wheel now required to pick up the coach.

The international rules are set up by the Union Cycliste International ( UCI). The UCI belong to the national cycling federations.

History

Even before 1900 art cycling was operated in the United States of Radakrobaten like Nicholas Edward Kaufmann and John Featherly; they earned so that their livelihood. Was it at that time rather the mastery of the bicycle and driving a certain distance, the art cycling has evolved into a technical discipline, which does not stop in competitive sports even before sports physics and sports psychology.

In Germany, the German Cycling Federation was founded in Leipzig in 1884 as an association of the rather bourgeois camp.

In the GDR, the cycling section of the German Sports Committee and then from the German Cycling Federation of the GDR ( DRSV ) was from 1946 to 1957 responsible for the cycling discipline. On 7 December 1990, the union of the two organizations was the German Cycling Federation.

The wheel and driver covenant solidarity RKB was founded in 1896 as "workers' solidarity Bicycle Association " in Chemnitz. With the name of workers' solidarity cycling association, the association documented membership in the labor movement.

The World Association Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI ), was founded on 14 April 1900 in Paris. The headquarters of the UCI is located in Aigle ( Switzerland ).

The Swiss organizations: Swiss Cycling Federation ( SRB), Fédération Cycliste Suisse ( FCS), Federazione Svizzera Ciclistica (FCS ), Federaziun Romansch as Ciclists (FSC ), Swiss Cycling Federation (SCF ) have joined together under the name of Swiss Cycling. As a founding year is specified in the Articles of Association in 1883. Co-organizer of Kunstradwettbewerbe is also the sport for workers belonging Sports Association ATB ​​- Association for sport, transport and leisure, which was founded in 1914 as an association of Swiss sections of the " workers' solidarity cycling association ."

In Austria the art cycling for Car, Motorcycle and Bicycle Riders Organisation Austria ARBÖ heard. It was founded on 30 April 1899 as Association of Workers Biker clubs of Austria in Vienna and has evolved over the decades to a service organization for members.

Art Cycling is not an Olympic sport, but was represented in 1989 in Karlsruhe once in the World Games program.

Conditions for the operation of sport

One - and two - Arts Cycling is a power sport. It mainly produces high demands on the technical and coordinative abilities and skills of the athlete. Precise execution of each movement, sense of balance, stamina, strength, mental strength, extensibility, graceful posture and quick reactions are essential for practicing this sport. Only a good extensibility example allows a complete use of the limited space of the bicycle. A former national trainer called artistic cycling again as " most complete version of the device gymnastics ", many viewers and sports scientists also recognize the particular challenge. Compare with figure skating, dance, gymnastics, etc. show here only a fraction of the difficulty.

In the four-and six - artistic cycling, in addition to athletic ability (similar to the synchronized swimming ), especially the precise perfection, synchronicity and team spirit and also quick reactions.

The training

The lowest age of onset is between five to seven years, so as soon as the cycling is dominated. Between six and twelve years of basic training is the focus of training. Priorities: first general later special coordination training. At this age the sensitive period is for the coordinative training, so this will be trained here in the first place. In addition, also has been age-appropriate technique and fitness training. Between 13 and 16 years, the building workout with a focus on, improving the special coordination, the specific mobility, intensification de art, general and specific strength training, specialization for single or double - art cycling occurs. The training effort is four workouts per week for two to three hours.

Between 15 and 16 years of training with power begins. Main focus is on complex technical training, targeted strength and endurance training, and mental training. Increase training and increasing competition frequency. The training effort then amounts to between four and five workouts a week each about three to four hours. From 17 years, then the amount of training increased again crucial, in particular the contest frequency is increased again.

Known art cyclists

One

• Martin Rominger, World Champion 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
• David Schnabel, World Champion 2005, 2006, Vice World Champion 2007, World Champion 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012
• Robin Hartmann, Vice World Champion 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 World Champion
• Corinna Hein, Vice World Champion in 2003 and 2004, World Champion in 2009, 2011, 2012
• Claudia Wieland, world champion in 2004 and 2005, Vice World Champion 2006, European Champion 2000, 2001, 2002
• Anja shyness, World Champion 2007 and 2008
• Iris Short, World Champion 1991, 1992, 1993
• Andrea Barth, world champion in 1994, 1995, 1996, Vice World Champion 1991, 1992, 1993, European Champion 1989, 1990
• Lisa Hattem, Junior European Champion 2009 and 2010

Two

• Siegfried mushroom and John Heinitz
• Katrin Schultheis and Sandra Sprink Meier, World Champions 2007, 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2012, Vice World Champions 2004, 2005, 2006, 2010
• Carolin Ingelfinger and Katja Knaack, world champions in 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
• Angelika Ziegler and Sylvia Steegmüller, World Champions 1990, 1994, 1995
• Simon Altvater and Nico Kunert, World Champion 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006
• Franziska vultures and Barbara Morf, Swiss champion 2004,2005, 2006
• Michael Rauch and Heiko Rauch, world champion in 1996, 1997, 1998 Vice World Champion 1994, 1995, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004
• Reinhold grain and Roland Friess, European Champion 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980
• Theo Benz and Armin Prinz, World Champion 1990 Vice World Champion 1991.1993

Four

• Liemer RC - SN / Carvalho / Carvalho -Becker / Pawletta, World Champions 2006
• RMSV Edelweiss Aach - Manuela Dieterle, Katja Gaisser, Ines Rudolf, Rudolf Simone, World Champions 2007, 2009, Vice World Champion 2008
• RSV Steinhöring - Christine Posch, Catherine Gülich, wall Sonja Maier, Ramona Strassner, World Champions 2011, 2012

Master lists

World Champion

• One - Kunstrad Men
• One - Kunstrad of women
• Men's two - Kunstrad from 2008 open class
• Two - Kunstrad of women
• Four - Kunstrad of women

European champion

• Two - Kunstrad Men
• Six- Kunstrad Men

German master

• One - art cycling
• Two Art Cycling
• Quad Art Cycling
• Six Art Cycling
• Four -wheel drive
• Six- unicycling

UCI World ranking winners

• One - art cycling
• Two Art Cycling