Atriplex littoralis
Beach - reporting ( Atriplex littoralis )
The beach - reporting ( Atriplex littoralis ) is a plant of the genus Report ( Atriplex ) in the family of Amaranthaceae ( Amaranthaceae ). They settled halophytes corridors along the coasts and salzhältige soils inland and is at home in Germany and Austria.
Description
Vegetative characteristics
The beach reporting is an annual herbaceous plant. The low -lying to upright stem is branched with erect to ascending branches and reaches a length of 25 to 100 cm (rarely to 150 cm). The green branches are initially pollinated by mealy bubble hair, later they verkahlen. The leaves are arranged opposite one another ( the lowest against constantly ) on the stem. They have a short petiole and reach a length of usually 25 to 80 mm ( 120 mm ) and a width of 2 to 8 mm ( 12 mm ). Their thin, double-sided green leaf blade is linear or narrowly lanceolate with ganzrandigem or sinuate dentate margin.
Inflorescence and flower
The beach - reporting is monoecious getrenntgeschlechtig ( monoecious ) (sometimes almost dioecious ). The inflorescences consist of up to 20 cm long, dense or interrupted spikes of flowers balls. Male flowers contain four to five bloom ( tepals ) and four to five stamens. Female flowers, which consist only of the ovary are enveloped by two fused only at the base continue reading. These are triangular with a length of up to 10 mm, and have, in contrast to Atriplex intracontinentalis an elongated top. At the edge, they are often toothed, rarely entire. Your heavily floured surface in the lower part carries significant hump-shaped appendage. The inside of the bracts is often shiny white.
The flowering period extends from July to September. The pollination is generally due to the wind, but is also possible by insects or by self-pollination.
Fruit and seeds
At the time, the fruit green bracts often discolored brown or black. There are two types of seeds ( Heterokarpie ) reddish- black, flat seeds having a diameter of about 1.5 mm, and red-brown, slightly concave or flat seeds having a diameter of 2 to 2.5 mm. The red-brown color of the seed is a major differentiator for Atriplex intracontinentalis whose larger seeds are light brown.
Chromosome number
The chromosome number is 2n = 18
Photosynthetic
The beach - reporting is a C3 plant with normal leaf anatomy.
Ecology
The 2-cell bladder hairs of the plant are used for excretion of excess salt by burst when ripe.
The beach - reporting is a food plant for the caterpillars of cutworms beach - Erdeule ( Agrotis ripae ) Euxoa cursoria and Gemüseeule ( Lacanobia oleracea). The Miniersackträger Coleophora atriplicis, Coleophora Salinella and Coleophora versurella feed on this Article
The ascomycete Chaetoplea calvescens lives as Saprobiont on the dead stems of beach reporting.
Occurrence
The natural range of beach reporting includes Northern Europe, Western Europe, Central Europe and Southern Europe and parts of North Africa (Morocco and Algeria), where the plants colonize the coasts of the Baltic and the North Sea, Atlantic and Mediterranean. In similar plants in Germany is by Sukhorukov (2007) mostly Atriplex intracontinentalis. As an introduced species, the beach - reporting also occurs in northeastern North America.
In Germany the beach signaling in Lower Saxony and Bremen, Schleswig -Holstein and Mecklenburg- Vorpommern is home. It grows in salt plants corridors of the vegetation of drift lines, and on sand and gravel beaches. The plant sociology calls it as characteristic species of the association Atriplicetum littoralis. It is an indicator plant for full sunlight and flooded, saline soils with excessive nitrogen content.
In Austria the kind occurs in the Pannonian area very rare and indigenous only in Burgenland Seewinkel on salt-containing soils of hill height step on. Fund reports that focus on ruderal sites - such as on contaminated by road salt roadsides - refer to the federal provinces of Vienna, Upper Austria and Tyrol are likely to be based on misidentifications or confusion. Nevertheless, the occurrence of the species in salt-containing Ruderalfluren is not unlikely, and therefore can not be excluded. In Austria, the beach - reporting is considered to be threatened with extinction. After Sukhorukov the occurrences are in Austria for 2007 newly separated species Atriplex intracontinentalis.
System
The beach - reporting ( Atriplex littoralis ) counts within the genus Atriplex to section Teutliopsis Dumort ..
The first description of this kind was made in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum 2, p 1054.
Synonyms of Atriplex littoralis L., based on the same type are: Atriplex patula L. var littoralis (L.) A. Gray, Atriplex patula L. var littoralis (L.) Hall & Clements (nom. Superfl. ), Chenopodium littorale (L.) Thunb. and Schizotheca littoralis (L.) Gourr. ( nom.illegit. ). Be regarded as a synonym also Atriplex serrata Huds. , Atriplex marina L., Atriplex hastata L. subsp. littoralis Atriplex hastata L. var Pons and littoralis Farwell.