Bacopa

Small Bacopa ( Bacopa monnieri )

The plant genus Bacopa ( Bacopa ) belongs to the family of the plantain family ( Plantaginaceae ). The 60 to 70 species are native to tropical and subtropical areas, mainly in the Neotropics. Some species are marsh plants ( emergent plants ).

Bacopa is the German common name for many species from several genera, such as the genus Sedum and Hylotelephium. In Liechtenstein and Switzerland also Pinguicula species ( Butterworts ) are referred to as Bacopa.

Description

Bacopa species grow as herbaceous plants. The stems are erect or creeping. The oppositely arranged leaves constantly have a simple leaf blade.

The flowers are individually together in the leaf axils or in lateral or terminal racemose inflorescences. There may be one or two covers. The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic, and have a double perianth. The rarely four, usually five completely free sepals overlap like roof tiles, the top one is the largest. The five petals are fused Roehrig. The corolla tube is distinctly two-lipped depending on the type, more or less. The lower lip is three-lobed and the upper lip two-lobed. There are usually four, rarely five stamens present. The scar is broadened, capitate or bilobed.

The egg-shaped or spherical, vierfächerigen capsule fruits are double-grooved and contain many tiny seeds.

System

The genus Bacopa was erected in 1775 by Jean Baptiste Christophe Fusée Aublet in Histoire des Plantes de la Guiane Françoise, 1, pp. 128-130, Table 49. Type species is Bacopa aquatica Aubl .. Synonyms for Bacopa Aubl. are: Brami Adans, Bramia Lam, Herpestis Gaertn, Macuillamia Raf, Moniera P.Browne, Monocardia Pennell. .. ..

The genus belongs to the tribe Bacopa Gratioleae within the family Plantaginaceae. It was formerly placed into these families Gratiolaceae, Scrophulariaceae and Veronicaceae.

There are 60 to 70 Bacopa species:

  • Bacopa albida ( Pennell ) Standlschmaus.
  • Bacopa amplexicaulis ( Pursh ) Wettst.
  • Bacopa angulata ( Benth. ) Loefgr. & Edwall
  • Bacopa appressa ( Pennell ) Standlschmaus.
  • Bacopa aquatica Aubl. Accepted
  • Bacopa arenaria ( J.A.Schmidt ) Loefgr. & Edwall
  • Bacopa axillaris ( Benth. ) Standlschmaus.
  • Bacopa bacopoides ( Benth. ) bottle
  • Bacopa beccabunga ( Griseb. ) B.L.Rob.
  • Bacopa bracteolata Standlschmaus.
  • Bacopa braunii ( Ernst) Pennell
  • Bacopa callitrichoides ( Kunth ) Pennell
  • Bacopa caroliniana (Walter ) B.L.Rob. ( Large Bacopa )
  • Bacopa cladostyla Chodat ex Eskuche
  • Bacopa cochlearia ( Huber) L.B.Sm.
  • Bacopa connata ( Pennell ) Pennell
  • Bacopa crenata ( P.Beauv. ) Hepper
  • Bacopa decumbens ( Fernald ) F.N.Williams
  • Bacopa depressa ( Benth. ) Loefgr. & Edwall
  • Bacopa diffusa ( Willd. ex Cham. & Schltdl. ) Loefgr. & Edwall
  • Bacopa divaricata ( J.A.Schmidt ) Loefgr. & Edwall
  • Bacopa dubia Chodat & Hassl.
  • Bacopa egensis ( Poepp. & Endl. ) Pennell
  • Bacopa eisenii ( Kellogg ) Pennell
  • Bacopa elongata ( Benth. ) Pennell
  • Bacopa floribunda ( R.Br. ) Wettst.
  • Bacopa gracilis ( Benth. ) Loefgr. & Edwall
  • Bacopa grandiflora ( Benth. ) Descole & Borsini
  • Bacopa gratioloides ( Cham. ) Chodat
  • Bacopa hamiltoniana ( Benth. ) Wettst.
  • Bacopa humifusa ( Griseb. ) B.L.Rob.
  • Bacopa imbricata ( Benth. ) Pennell
  • Bacopa innominata ( M.Gómez ) Alain
  • Bacopa lacertosa Standlschmaus.
  • Bacopa lanigera ( Cham. & Schltdl. ) Wettst.
  • Bacopa laxiflora ( Benth. ) Edwall
  • Bacopa lecomtei Bonati
  • Bacopa lisowskiana Mielcarek
  • Bacopa longipes ( Pennell ) Standlschmaus.
  • Bacopa madagascariensis ( Benth. ) Pennell
  • Bacopa minuta Borhidi & O.Muñiz
  • Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst. ( Small Bacopa, Indian Ayurvedic Name: Brahmi )
  • Bacopa monnierioides ( Cham. ) B.L.Rob.
  • Bacopa monosticta ( Schltl. ) Pennell
  • Bacopa montevidensis ( Spreng. ) Herter & Melch.
  • Bacopa myriophylloides ( Benth. ) Wettst.
  • Bacopa nigrescens ( Benth. ) Wettst.
  • Bacopa occultans ( Hiern ) Hutch. & Dalziel
  • Bacopa oxycalyx Alain
  • Bacopa paraguariensis ( S.Moore ) Hassl.
  • Bacopa parvula ( S.Moore ) Pennell
  • Bacopa pedersenii Rossow
  • Bacopa pennellii G.M.Barroso & Ichaso
  • Bacopa punctata Engl
  • Bacopa repens ( Sw. ) Wettst.
  • Bacopa reptans ( Benth. ) Edwall
  • Bacopa rotundifolia ( Michx. ) Wettst. ( Round-leaved Bacopa )
  • Bacopa salzmannii ( Benth. ) Edwall
  • Bacopa scabra ( Benth. ) Descole & Borsini
  • Bacopa semiserrata ( Mart. ) B.L.Rob.
  • Bacopa serpyllifolia ( Benth. ) Pennell
  • Bacopa sessiliflora ( Benth. ) Edwall
  • Bacopa stellarioides ( Cham. ) Loefgr. & Edwall
  • Bacopa stemodioides ( Pennell ) Pennell
  • Bacopa stricta ( Schrad. ) Wettst. ex Edwall
  • Bacopa tweediei ( Benth. ) Parodi
  • Bacopa valerii Standlschmaus. & L.O.Williams
  • Bacopa versicolor Herter & Melch.
  • Bacopa verticillata ( Pennell & Gleason ) Pennell

Use

Few species are also used as pure ( submerged ) aquatic plants in the aquarium hobby.

The balcony plants offered under the term " Bacopa " or Snow Maiden, however, it is a species in the genus Sutera.

Swell

  • Deyuan Hong, Hanbi Yang, Cun -li Jin, Manfred A. Fischer, Noel H. Holmgren & Robert R. Mill: Scrophulariaceae in the Flora of China, Volume 18, 1998, pp. 21-22: Bacopa online. (Section Description and systematics)
Asterids Sutera (plant) Agricultural Research Service
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