Beaux-Arts architecture

Beaux -Arts architecture refers to the architecture of historicism, as it was represented by the École des Beaux -Arts in Paris in the 19th century. Your architect built especially 1850-1914 numerous representative buildings of this style, especially in France, as well as very extensive in the United States, Canada and Australia. In German-speaking Beaux -Arts architecture was particularly taken in Prussia, outstanding representative was here Ernst von Ihne (Bode Museum ).

History

Dating back to 1671, founded the Académie royale d'architecture was her subsequent architectural department of the Ecole des Beaux -Arts of beginning a state institution with the highest standards.

In the exchange with the Academie de France a Rome and through the competitions for the Grand Prix de Rome the education of architecture students attributable primarily to models of Roman antiquity and the Italian Renaissance. Later they also remembered their own Renaissance and the Baroque heritage.

During the Second Empire still geared more towards classic and with a very large impact on the cityscape of Paris in the course of planning Haussmann, the style changed in the Belle Époque at a neo-baroque eclecticism with embossing.

Were completely neglected the medieval architectural styles of the Romanesque and Gothic architecture and the revolution was not pursued, while modern iron structures early and always highly formalized naturally been used ( eg Gare d' Orsay, Grand Palais ).

The great state near the École, the high performance level of academic work and the special competence in matters of aesthetics produced very common in contracts for major public works projects to architects of the Beaux-Arts school. It was not only a major influence on the French historicism in general such as also the villas and commercial construction, but far beyond the borders of France famous for its craftsmanship and formal quality of their buildings.

In the United States, it was also the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago in 1893, its exhibition halls were all built in the Beaux- Arts style, so popular that numerous architectural faculties their education oriented to the model of the Ecole and even 1916 in New York the Beaux -Arts Institute of Design was founded.

This fame certainly contributed to the fact that the École almost unperturbed until 1968 maintained its tradition -based and retrospective view of architecture, although historicism had long since been replaced worldwide since the 1920s, from classical modernism.

Beaux- Arts style

The Beaux -Arts architecture in the broadest sense refers to the historicism of graduates and epigones of the École des Beaux -Arts. It ranges from strong references to the Italian Renaissance (eg Library of Sainte-Geneviève ) about neo-baroque magnificent buildings ( such as Opera Garnier ) to neo-classical buildings, especially in the United States (eg City Hall San Francisco), later also in France (eg Palais de Chaillot ).

In the strict and proper sense is meant by the Beaux-Arts architecture style of the great public buildings of this school in the Belle Époque in France. It is here to theaters, museums, town halls, etc., but also train stations and exhibition halls.

Common to them all is the stylistic origin of the Renaissance ( Fontainebleau, Chambord ) and the classicist Baroque ( Vaux -le- Vicomte, Versailles), as they had developed in particular in the French palace of the modern era.

The Beaux- Arts building were their " bourgeois " conditioned functions accordingly, but kept inside and out firmly against the aristocratic splendor and increased those still in baroque style. The emphasis on form and effect as well as a slight oversizing in the proportions and superior first-class design were aimed at the prestige and were correspondingly more powerful.

Gallery

Chantilly Castle Große_Treppe

Richelieuflügel the Louvre

Opera Garnier in Paris

Opera Garnier Große_Treppe

Opera and Theater of Calais

Congress Palace and Opera House from Vichy

Laeiszhalle, Hamburg

City Hall San Francisco

San Francisco City Hall lobby

City Hall of Paris

Hall of Vichy

Town Hall of Tours

Municipal Building (New York)

Gare d' Orsay Paris

Gare d' Orsay Interior

Gare du Nord (Paris)

Station of Tours

Grand Central Station New York

Grand Palais in Paris

Grand Palais Exhibition Hall

Petit Palais in Paris

Koninklijk Museum voor Midden- Africa in Tervuren

New York Public Library

New York Public Library Reading Room

Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City

Lobby of the Metropolitan Museum

Joseph Raphael De Lamar House, New York

Budge -Palais, Hamburg

Manitoba Legislative Building in Winnipeg

Alberta Legislature Building in Edmonton

Ellis Iceland, New York

Renowned architects

Villa Medici Second French Empire Baroque Revival architecture Romanesque art Gothic art Modern architecture Trocadéro Château de Chantilly Ellis Island Félix Duban Charles Garnier (architect)
111348
de