Bernard van Orley

Bernard van Orley, (* 1491 or 1492 in Brussels, † January 6, 1542 in Brussels, first name also Barend or Bernaert or Bernart ), was a Dutch painter.

Life

Bernard van Orley was born in 1491 or 1492 in Brussels. He held 1509-1515 in Italy, where he trained especially after or perhaps also with Raphael and was then again since 1515 in Brussels resident. Since he was inspired by the Italian art in general and in particular those of Raphael, one called van Orley as the " father of Romanism in the Flemish tapestry ". He learned his trade probably together with his brother in the studio of his father Valentin van Orley (ca. 1466-1532 ) learned in Brussels. There Barent is detectable from 1515. From 1520 to 1527 he was court painter to the regent, Margaret of Austria, and from 1532 also as her successor, Mary of Castile. He died on 6 January 1542 in Brussels.

Originally still painting in the style of Gerard David, he did not change his style as a result of the Italian journey, but to his advantage by the full Italian shapeliness not be appropriated and the Dutch in shape and coloring could not deny. In his middle period he follows on Jan Mabuse. A certain delicacy of feeling is peculiar to him.

Works (selection)

• An altar with scenes from the life of the Apostle Thomas and Matthias (Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna )
• A triptych with the sufferings of Job (Brussels, Museum )
• Rest on the Flight (Liverpool, Royal Institution),
• The Last Judgement (Antwerp, Elisabeth- Hospital)
• Venus and Cupid ( Berlin Museum ).
• Circumcision of Christ, 1525-1530, wood, 112 x 73 cm.
• Hiobsaltar, left wing outside: The poor Lazarus, at the door of the rich
• Hiobsaltar, left wing inside: The Rape of the herds of Job by the Sabaeans.

A devotion to the Blessed Trinity, which was located in St. Mary 's Church in Lübeck and there burned in 1942, was at first, but later attributed to van Orley Jacob van Utrecht. Furthermore, he was initially well as creator of the paintings of Jan Borman carved altar in St. Mary's Church in Gustrow, but which are associated since 1893 also the master of Guestrower altar.

Bernard van Orley also has designs for tapestries ( tapestries ) made ​​, which were carried out in Brussels factories. He made the designs for some of the most popular Tapisserienserien, such as for the creation history of Rome (Madrid, Patrimonio Nacional), the hunts Maximilian (now in the Louvre in Paris ), the seven episodes of the battle of Pavia (Naples, Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte ) scenes from the Book of Tobit (Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum).

Van Orley takes evolutionarily a very important position. It is due to that the style of the Renaissance in the field of Flemish Tappisserienentwurfs found dissemination and recognition. Van Orley to combine tradition and innovation understood. The narrative, sometimes anecdotal aspect as well as the decorative details of the Dutch art he brought with monumental figures in sweeping landscapes or architectures in line.