Bioorganic chemistry

Bioorganic Chemistry treated the border area between biochemistry and organic chemistry. It can also be understood as an interdisciplinary borderland between chemistry, biology, pharmacy and medicine. It deals with molecules and molecular classes of living beings, as well as nucleic acids, proteins or sugars. While methods are used frequently in molecular biology, biochemistry, a focal point of bioorganic chemistry is the use of known reactions and synthesis methods of organic chemistry to natural substances.

Preparative aspects: comparison with organochemical synthesis

The current development of bioorganic chemistry occurs more and more in competition with " classic organic " synthesis methods by starting organic compounds ( reactants ) can be implemented by means of biocatalysts. A distinction ( "Black Box") and molecular reaction with isolated enzymes in solution between whole-cell catalysis. The starting materials are referred to as substrates. The today in industrial production increasingly important aspect of the enantiomeric purity can be realized through specific enzyme choice, the enantioselectivity of an enzymatic reaction are usually significantly higher than in non- catalyzed reactions. Disadvantages of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are mainly in the litigation itself, since the vast majority of enzymes in hydrophobic solvents lose a lot of their enzymatic activity. As a solubilizing organic substrates is hydrophobic, it is necessary which can be accomplished by addition of detergents, or cyclodextrins, for example. Another aspect of the preparative separation of the product from often a heterogeneous reaction mass, the most common method used in this case is the extraction with an organic solvent.

Design of biocatalysts

The possibilities of protein engineering and the controlled evolution of existing enzymes related to very great possibilities in process improvement in terms of enantiomeric purity, substrate variability, solvent tolerance, etc.. Development of bio-organic chemistry is so involved in the ( controlled ), evolutionary development of biocatalysts and thus represents one of the possible applications of this area dar.

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