Boehmeria
Boehmeria grandis
The ramie plant ( Boehmeria ) are a genus of the family of the Nettle family ( Urticaceae ). The most familiar type is the so-called ramie ( Boehmeria nivea ), an important fiber plant.
- 3.1 Notes and references
Description
Vegetative characteristics
In Boehmeria species are perennial herbaceous plants or sometimes shrubs or small trees. All plant parts are without stinging hairs. Many species have underground creeping rhizomes. From the rhizomes of the flower-bearing shoots grow vertically upwards, which can reach up to 3 feet in some species stature heights.
The leaves are opposite in most species, with some also alternate. In some species the leaves are arranged in rosettes pushed to the shoot tips. In general, the leaves have three distinct main veins. The leaf margin is strongly serrated, also lobed with few species or only finely serrated. Stipules are present.
Generative features
There are both monoecious as dioecious species in the genus. The flowers are in small balls, the, side shoots are arranged in almost all types along axillary, unbranched, rarely branched, so that a seemingly spike- like arrangement of flowers. The flowers are four - or fünfzählig. The perianth of the male flowers is almost completely divided, the female flowers are tubular with four or five short lobes.
Distribution and systematics
The genus Boehmeria is widespread in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia and America. In China alone, come before 25 species, six of them only there. Some species are found in temperate latitudes up to Japan and North America. Most species grow in forests or forest edges along rivers or roads.
The first publication of the genus name Boehmeria took place in 1760 by Nicolaus Joseph von Jacquin in Enumeratio Systematica Plantarum, quas in insulis Caribaeis, 9, pp. 31 type species is Boehmeria ramiflora Jacq .. The generic name honors the botanist Georg Boehmeria Rudolf Boehmer.
The genus includes about 50 to 65 species (selection):
- Boehmeria biloba Wedd. The home is Japan.
- Boehmeria caudata Sw.
- Boehmeria clidemioides Miq.
- Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw.
- Boehmeria grandis ( Hook. et Arn. ) Heller
- Boehmeria densiflora Hook. & Arn. It occurs in the Chinese province of Guangdong, Taiwan, Japan and the Philippines.
- Boehmeria japonica ( L. f ) Miq.
- Boehmeria macrophylla Hornem.
- Boehmeria nipononivea Koidz.
- Ramie ( Boehmeria nivea (L.) Gaudich. ): This is India, Bhutan, Nepal, Sikkim, Kambodschaa, Laos, Thailand, China, Vietnam, Korea, Japan and Indonesia widespread.
- Boehmeria penduliflora Wedd. ex D.G.Long
- Boehmeria rugulosa Wedd.
- Boehmeria silvestrii ( Pamp. ) W.T.Wang
- Boehmeria spicata ( Thunb. ) Thunb.
- Boehmeria tomentosa Wedd.
- Boehmeria tricuspis ( Hance ) Makino
- Boehmeria utilis Dubard
Swell
- Chen Jiarui (陈家瑞Chen Chia- jui ), Ib Friis & C. Melanie Wilmot - Dear: Boehmeria, pp. 164 - text the same online as printed work, in: Wu Zhengyi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (eds.): Flora of China, Volume 5 - Ulmaceae through Basellaceae, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2003 ISBN 1-930723-27- X (sections reporting and dissemination ).
- David E. Boufford: Urticaceae in the Flora of North America: Boehmeria - text the same online as printed work, In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico, Volume 3 - Magnoliidae and Hamamelidae, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 1997. ISBN 0-19-511246-6 ( Description section )