Bohemian-Moravian Highlands

P1f1p5

The Bohemian- Moravian Highlands, Czech -Moravian Highlands or Highlands is a 10,000 square kilometer extensive plateau in the south of the Czech Republic, whose western part of Bohemia and Moravia in the eastern part lies. It is also known as Moravian back, Bohemian- Moravian ridge, Bohemian-Moravian Plateau, Bohemian-Moravian Plateau, Bohemian- Moravian mountain range, Bohemian- Moravian mountain ridge or Bohemia-Moravia highlands. The Kraj Highlands ( administrative seat Jihlava ( Jihlava ) ) is named after the Czech name of the Bohemian- Moravian Highlands.

It is a long-wavelength hills in the height range of about 500 - '800 meters, which is quite densely populated in the lowlands. His gentle hills are covered with farmsteads and isolated with apartments and houses. The rounded peak areas offer panoramic views of countryside, valleys and castles or many opportunities for sport.

Geography of the ridge

The Bohemian- Moravian Highlands extends from the Labe lowlands in Northern Czech Republic to the Austrian border, in the Waldviertel of Lower Austria, from where it continues in the granite and gneiss plateau until Weinberger forest. In the west, it reaches the level of the city of Tabor, and in the east to the foreshore lowering of the Western Carpathians.

The Bohemian- Moravian Highlands is in much of a long-wave high surface whose relief is more reminiscent of a hill country, although it reaches heights up to 840 meters above sea level. Only a few rivers have cut deep valleys and divided the plateau into several smaller ridges. Of the Jihlava Mountains ( Czech: Jihlavské Hills ) in the southwest while the highest part ( Javořice 837 m nm), but the Saarer mountains in the north are more significant - among other things for the tourist.

The river valleys are relatively densely populated, wooded heights approximately half. The remaining half of the high altitude is used for the cultivation of corn and grain. As a result of collective management in times of Czechoslovakia from 1945 to 1989, these fields extend even today some miles.

Many Talausgänge are dominated by castles, some of which were built in the time of the Hussite Wars in the vicinity of the town of Tábor.

Are tourist frequented medieval cities such as Leitomischl in the north and in the south Teltsch At the edges of the plateau.

Geomorphological structure

• Bohemian- Moravian Highlands ( Bohemian-Moravian Highlands ) Křemešnická Highlands ( " mountains of the Křemešník " )
• Hornosázavská pahorkatina ( " hill country on the upper Sázava " )
• Iron Mountains ( " Iron Mountains " )
• Hornosvratecká Highlands ( " Bergland at the top Svratka " )
• Křižanovská Highlands ( Krischanauer Bergland )
• Javořická Highlands ( " mountains of the Javořice " )
• Jevisovicka pahorkatina ( " hill country at Jevisovice " )

Geology

The Bohemian- Moravian Highlands is part of the Bohemian Massif, the largest contiguous outcropping Variscides hull in Central Europe. Within the Central European Variscides, the Bohemian- Moravian Highlands, due to their construction from highly metamorphosed rocks ( gneisses ) and large granitoid plutonic rock bodies, added to the Moldanubian Zone ( Moldanubian ).

In the rocks of the Bohemian- Moravian Highlands are converted sedimentary rocks and igneous rocks, which are pre- Permian age. The conversion was to a large extent during the Variscan orogeny in the Carboniferous, which was (possibly involving several small continents) caused by the collision of large südkontinentes Gondwana with the great northern continent Laurussia. The Variscan orogeny resulted in the formation of a vast mountain chain results in the so-called Hercynian system that stretched across the then newly formed supercontinent Pangaea. The Central European section of the Hercynian system is called Variscan Mountains.

The Moldanubicum is part of the crystalline core of the Variscan Mountains. During the orogeny, the pre- Permian rocks were starting depth in the earth's crust and there were some exposed to extremely high pressures and temperatures. They were then transported by tectonic forces again in higher areas of the crust, which in turn was associated with rock conversions. At the end of the orogeny invaded acidic magmas into the metamorphic massif and crystallized from large granitoid rock bodies. One of these is the South Bohemian batholith Granitoidkörper which extends 160 kilometers in north-south direction from Jihlava to the Danube.

Already at the end of the Permian was originally several thousand meters high Variscan Mountains was largely eroded. While numerous Variscan mountain regions of Central Europe, absenkten in the coming year, and millions were even flooded by the sea, remained the Bohemian Massif, and thus the present Bohemian- Moravian Highlands, a high area.

After the supercontinent Pangaea broke up since the Jurassic rapidly and its continental blocks drifted apart, moved one of these blocks, Africa, from the end of the Cretaceous of south Europe and caused the Tertiary among others, the formation of the Alps. Here, the southern part of the former Bohemian Massif fell deep into the Northeast Alps.

Since the Bohemian Massif since the Variscan orogeny about 300 million years ago was a high area, there are on the Bohemian-Moravian Highlands virtually no rocks, which are correspondingly younger. Only in river valleys there are Quaternary sediments.