Boletus badius
Chestnuts Boletus (Boletus badius )
The chestnuts Boletus (Boletus badius, syn. Xerocomus badius ), also Marone, blue mushroom or like the Giant Stropharia popularly called brown cap, is a species of fungus in the family Dickröhrlingsverwandten. He is a popular and common edible mushroom. In Germany, Austria and Switzerland, he was admitted to the market mushroom.
Often found in fungal books or the scientific name Xerocomus badius. However, the genus of Filzröhrlinge ( Xerocomus ) proved to be polyphyletic, which is why a number of species were transferred to other genera ( see Filzröhrlinge: systematics). The epithet comes from the Latin badius, means " brown, maroon " and refers to the appropriately colored hat surface of the fruiting body.
Features
The hat has a diameter of 5-15 cm, is at an early state initially hemispherical, later irregularly and cushion shaped. Most of the hat is more or less auburn, reddish light brown or even olive brown. Some specimens show almost black brown. The tubes are grown on a stick and show a pale, light color ( cream- yellow to lemon yellow), the olive-yellow later to become dirty olive green. The stalk is 5-12 cm long and 1-5 cm thick and is very variable in shape, often cylindrical with slightly pointed base, but also bulbous, dickknollig and bent. The otherwise whitish- yellow flesh of the tubes turns to print blue green ( amyloid reaction). The smell is faint, slightly sour and mild.
Artabgrenzung
From beginners to the Maronenröhrling is often mistaken for a porcini mushroom. However, the former has no network drawing on the stem, whereas the tubes of Boletus edulis discolour not blue green when printing. An unpleasant, but not dangerous possibility of confusion exists with the Gallenröhrling which is inedible due to its bitter taste. However, its tubes are dirty white to pink in color and not blue. Otherwise, the Maronenröhrling can still be confused with the Sandröhrling and Filzröhrlingen (goat lip or Rotfußröhrlinge ), which further is not tragic but, since these species are all edible and palatable.
Distribution, ecology and phenology
The chestnut boletus is widespread in Central Europe, coming from the coast to the Alps before. It grows mainly in the coniferous forest, especially in old spruce forests or under larch (often between the root foothills ), and comes in wet summers ago in June / July. The season, however, is from mid September to late fall in November, before the frost sets.
Importance
The chestnut boletus is one of the most plentiful and tasted most valuable mushrooms. Since it is often worm-eaten, particularly worth collecting young species. The type is suitable for almost all types of preparations and can be preserved very well by drying. From raw consumption is not recommended, as with all other fungi.
The burden of chestnut boletes with radioactive 137Cs is 20 years after the Chernobyl accident area as above the EU limit value for food of 600 becquerels per kilogram. This is especially true for the area around Munich. By subtracting the hat skin the personal level of radioactive contamination can be significantly reduced. The cesium is accumulated in Maronenröhrling mainly by the Hutfarbstoffe Badion A and Norbadion A, which can complex cesium. In porcini these two derivatives of Pulvinsäure, however, are not present.