Book of Baruch

  • Lamentations
  • Baruch including letter of Jeremiah
  • Hosea
  • Joel
  • Amos
  • Obadiah
  • Jonah
  • Micha
  • Nahum
  • Habakkuk
  • Zephaniah
  • Haggai
  • Zechariah
  • Malachi

Baruch (abbreviated Bar ) is a deuterokanonisches or apocryphal book of the Old Testament, which in the Septuagint directly joined to the book of the prophet Jeremiah, but stands in the Catholic Bible for the lamentations. The book was not included in the Jewish canon, but of Catholics and Orthodox Christians - considered part of the Bible - not against Protestants.

In addition to the deuterocanonical Book of Baruch three other apocryphal writings called Baruch to be associated:

  • Called 2 Baruch, also Syrian Apocalypse of Baruch
  • Called 3 Baruch, also Greek Apocalypse of Baruch
  • 4 Baruch, also called Paralipomena Jeremiae, contains more stories about the prophet Jeremiah

Transmission of the text

The actual Baruch has survived only in Greek, and was certainly not written by Baruch in the time of exile. The real author and the formation mechanism is unknown. Probably the book was compiled in the 1st century BC, consisting of three or four parts and with an introduction and some over conductive portions. For 1.15 to 2.35 EU a Hebrew origin is generally believed from vormakkabäischer time, for the other parts - from 3.9 to 4.4 EU by 200 BC, 4.5-5.9 EU from the 1st century BC - is represented by some authors, also a Greek origin. The notion that the whole book was originally written in Hebrew, is represented by different authors.

The Letter of Jeremiah is also only in Greek before, but bears traces of translation and is therefore likely to have been written in Hebrew. An allusion to 2 Maccabees 2:1-3 EU and the palaeographical dating a Greek fragment of text in the finds at Qumran suggests a genesis BC at the latest in the 2nd century. A creation by 300 BC at the beginning of the Hellenistic period is likely.

Structure and Content

Baruch has in the Catholic Bible six chapters, the last of which a separate document entitled letter of Jeremiah is that followed by the Lamentations in the Septuagint and was attached to the Baruch as an attachment in the Latin translation of the Vulgate.

The actual Baruch begins with a historical introduction ( 1:1-14 EU), is found in the first ( 1:1-2 EU) that the book four years after the destruction of Jerusalem by the Chaldeans in Babylon by Baruch ( the secretary of the prophet Jeremiah ) was written, and then ( 1.3-14 EU) that it was read at a meeting of ex- King Jehoiachin and other Jews in Babylonian exile. The Assembly responded by crying and praying and organized a collection and sent the money collected, the book and temple vessels that had been abducted, but the Baruch had received back to Jerusalem with the request for sacrifice in the temple and prayer.

The first section of the main part of the book ( from 1.15 to 3.8 EU) contains a two-fold confession of sins, which led to the exile ( from 15 to 2.5 EU; 2.6 to 13 EU), together with a Prayer that God finally forgive his people ( from 2.14 to 3.8 EU):

While the previous section much in common with the Book of Daniel ( cf. Dan 9.4 to 19 EU), the next section ( 3.9 to 4.4 AU) is similar passages in the Book of Job ( cf. Jb 28,1 ff EU). It is a hymn of praise to the divine wisdom that can only be in the law that was given to Israel found. Only in the form of the law 's wisdom has appeared on the earth and is accessible to people:

The final section comprises 4.5-5.9 EU. It consists of four odes that all start with the prompt "Do (t ) trust" ( 4,5.21.27.30 EU), and a Psalm ( 4.36 to 5.9 EU), in close proximity to the eleventh of apocryphal or pseudepigraphical Psalms of Solomon stands.

Book of Joel Book of Amos Book of Obadiah Book of Jonah Book of Micah Book of Zephaniah Baruch ben Neriah Book of Judith Book of Wisdom Book of Esther
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