Book of Nehemiah
- Book of Psalms
- Job
- Book of Proverbs
- Book of Ruth
- Canticles
- Ecclesiastes
- Lamentations
- Book of Esther
- Book of Daniel
- Ezra and Nehemiah
- First and Second Chronicles Book
- Joshua
- Judge
- Rut
- 1 Samuel (1 Kings )
- 2 Samuel (2 Kings )
- 1 Kings ( 3 Kings)
- 2 Kings ( 4 Kings)
- 1 Chronicles
- 2 Chronicles
- Ezra
- Nehemiah ( 2 Esdras )
- Tobit ( Tobias )
- Judit
- Ester additives
- 1 Maccabees
- 2 Maccabees
Name after the ÖVBE. Bracketed names are followed by the Septuagint. Kursiviert: Deuterocanonical books, in Protestant Bibles Apocrypha
Nehemiah (also 2 Esdras ) is a book in the Jewish Tanakh and the Old Testament in the Christian Bible.
Structure and content
Since the Middle Ages, the book of Nehemiah is divided into 13 chapters.
- Chap. 1-2: Arrival of Nehemiah in Jerusalem
- Chap. 2-7: Reconstruction of the city wall
- Chap. 8-10: obligation on the law by Ezra
- Chap. 11-12: name lists
- Chap. 12.27-43: Consecration of the city wall
- Chap. 13: Reforms of Nehemiah
Topic: rebuilding of the wall and the city of Jerusalem Remarks: According to controversial interpretations starting point for the coming of the Messiah, 445 BC Nissan (March / April ), the start of the 69 weeks of Daniel.
Connection with the Book of Ezra
Nehemiah was historically sometimes referred to as the " Second Book of Ezra ," or even formed, along with the Book of Ezra, a single book, as we read in Josephus, the Talmud and Jerome. This could be limited to the number of the canonical books on the number of letters in the Hebrew alphabet (22 ), which was symbolically important for the definition of the canon to non- canonical books. Protestant and modern Hebrew Bibles contain two books, named after its main characters: Ezra and Nehemiah. In any case, both books are closely related. Among the various counting methods associated with the name Ezra books, see list of biblical books.
According to some authors, the order of events in the books of Ezra and Nehemiah is partially mixed up; also could be the other of the two be meant by the " I " of the two books in some places.
Authorship and classification
The modern historical-critical research expects both books (Ezra / Nehemiah ) for " Chronicler's history ," which was written probably after 400 BC ( it is debatable whether before or after the campaigns of Alexander the Great ). It is assumed that the author (or authors or Endredakteure ) while on comprehensive and reliable source documents, such as the mentioned in Neh 1.1 EU called Nehemiaquelle or - memoir and the so-called Esraquelle (Nehemiah 8-10) have resorted.
- Period (Ezra and Nehemiah ): 538-430 BC (108 years)
- Dating ( time of writing down ): 4th century BC
Historical Context
Connection to world history: It was a time of enormous philosophical currents and breaks, the well-known thinkers, philosophers and religious leaders brought forth. Known approximate contemporaries were: Buddha, Confucius, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle. Ezra as an innovator and in some cases even as the creator of Judaism as we know it today, fits well into this series.
" A very strong factor is the survival passion ( Cited Jews ) dominates this people, and it actually has had to survive. The whole legislation of Ezra and Nehemiah has no other aim, and she was, God knows, successful. "
The person Nehemiah
Nehemiah (Hebrew נְחֶמְיָ֖ה, neçämjah, "God Comforter ", in the Septuagint: Neemia ) was a Babylonian Jew. 444 BC Nehemiah was appointed governor of Judah. Nehemiah made sure that the walls of Jerusalem were rebuilt and designed a reform of religious rules. For the implementation of reforms saw the priest Ezra. Key aspects of his reform was the observance of the Sabbath, the prohibition of "foreign" women to marry, and the collection of tithes.