Boyolali Regency

Boyolali is an administrative district ( kabupaten ) in Central Java ( Jawa Tengah ) in Indonesia.

This report includes a description of the city ( kota ), the landscape ( wilayah ) and the district ( kabupaten ) Boyolali.

The small town of Boyolali is the capital of kabupaten same name and is located in the province of Central Java ( Jawa Tengah ). (Also known as Solo) is about 25 kilometers west of the city of Surakarta and the town and the landscape is one of their catchment area, called: Solo Raya (Great Solo) or SUBOSUKAWONOSRATEN what an anagram of the name of the 6 connected districts ( Boyolali, Karangganyar, Klaten, Sragen, Sukoharjo, Wonogiri ) and the city of Solo is. Historically, the area Solo Raya includes nearly all the lands which were dominated by the two courts Surakartas until the independence of Indonesia in 1945, the royal court and the Duke's palace Kasunahan Mangkunegaren.

Geography and topography

The city district ( Kecamatan ) has around 60,000 inhabitants and is situated at the foot of two volcanoes Merapi ( 2911 m) and Merbabu ( 3141 meters) to almost 400 m above sea level Thanks to this location, it has a much cooler climate than the neighboring city of Solo which lies in a valley.

The eponymous district has 949 583 inhabitants (2008 ) and covers 1075 km ². With a population density greater than 900 inhabitants per square Boyolali is highly populated, what Java is not unusual but even in rural areas.

Nevertheless, there are strong differences in population density between the individual sub-regions of the kabupaten. In addition to the connection to infrastructure and the availability of work outside the agricultural sector also topography and availability of water for crop production factors which are roughly the kabupaten in three regions divided.

Includes five kecamaten traffic light, Cepogo, Mojosongo, Musuk and Selo and the main town itself Boyolali This branch is characterized by mild climate and are grown primarily field crops such as cabbage, carrots, onions but also tobacco, tea and cloves. In addition, this region is the center of dairy farming in the kabupaten. Due to the good volcanic soils ( agricultural and livestock farmers) and proximity to the administrative center of the district ( civil servants, teachers and traders) has this subsection a very high population density which, however, does not focus on a center, but spread over a wide area ( like a seemingly never ending village). At both volcanoes, the cultivation limit goes up to about 1600-1800 m asl high and only ends at the border of protected state forest.

The region between the main town to the east towards solo is largely flat and dominated by rice fields. Most natural sources as well as the most important rivers of the kabupaten can be found here. This area includes the kecamaten Teras, Banyudono, Sawit and Ngemplak. And through this part of the kabupaten main road leading Semarang - Solo, the majority of the industry has kabupaten By connecting the commercial center of solo settled in this region. In addition, ensure that the area the airport the city of Solo and the Wisma Haji ( a collection and preparation center for pilgrims to Mecca ( ​​haji ) what if they come from Java, have to fly solo over ). To Wisma Haji large settlements have now emerged.

The largest surface part of the district includes the northern Kecamatan Sambi, Nogosari, Simo, Andong, Gede Karang, Kemusu, Wonosegoro and Juwangi. This part of the kabupaten is not densely populated and geographically - geological and infrastructural disadvantage. Relatively dry and traversed by few rivers, most parts of this region are not suitable for wet rice nor for extensive crop cultivation. Also do not perform important roads through this part of the kabupaten, which are hard to find large industrial areas here. The most important resource is the cultivation of teak kayu jati. After the lush forests here this wood have been almost completely deforested in 1980, where plantings are to find in a big way. Also located in the north of this part of the kabupaten reservoir Kedung Ombo, which comprises 3,536 acres and is used for tourism and fishing economy on a modest scale.

Transport

The city lies on the major provincial road Semarang - Surakarta, which brings a lot of through traffic in the city, but which is passed around by a vast ring road around the city center. Furthermore, the international airport of the city of Surakarta Bandara Internasional Adi Sumarmo located in the territory of the county. The mountain road Selo Pass leads through a mountain valley which the volcanic mountains Merapi and Merbabu separates the neighboring district of Magelang.

History

Boyolali was part of an area called the the Dutch Vorstenlanden. It included the territories of the decomposed Mataramreiches in 1752, which was later split among the royal and princely houses of Surakarta and Yogyakarta. This is a region Boyolalis remained largely in the territory of the royal house of Surakarta Kasunahan.

The official established by the district government of kabupaten birthday is 5 June 1847. On this date the town Boyolali became the seat of an administrative unit, called kabupaten gunung ( mountain etwa. district). At that time, the area comprised only a fraction of today's kabupaten, as was, for example town traffic light, which is between Boyolali and Salatiga, also gunung an independent kabupaten. Only after an administrative reform in 1893, both were merged.

Beginning of the 20th century, some northerly parts of the territory Kasunahan - Boyolali were slammed by some other regional reforms. Since about the 1930s Boyolali it has the size it is today.

For the existence of the village Boyolali itself, there are sources from the 18th century, a settlement called Boujolalu testify in the Dutch East India Company (VOC ) is a small fort with about 20 man crew had. Also in the village of traffic lights was a stronghold of the VOC.

To describe and mentioned a Württemberg officer who is in the service of the VOC was already in 1790, during a trip from Semerang to Solo, the countryside and the forts as follows:

"... The area of ​​Salatiga after Boujolalu where the Kompagnie also has a post (the former fortress in traffic lights ) are according to the preceding bit. On one side of the road is a beautiful plane with rice, potatoes, türk between beads, miracle trees, etc grown; on the other are also fields, but the bekränztwerden with mountains, which are resplendent with the finest woods ... By 9 clock ... we arrived at the coming of the fort Danten Boujolalu; this man, a good Biederer Dutchman is already 32 years here aufdiesem items, and has a lot of knowledge of the local way of life, etc. ... "

As in most areas of Java, the plantation economy in the 19th century, was also introduced in Boyolali and in the years between 1908-11 the Solosche Tramweg was built, a railway link between Surakarta and Boyolali, which is no longer in operation but since the 1980s.

Economy

According to the Yearbook of the district in 2008 almost 320,000 people lived in the district of agriculture and animal husbandry while only slightly more than 40,000 people in manufacturing and nearly 122,000 people in the trade, service industries and are active in the transport sector.

The city and countryside Boyolali is particularly well known for two agricultural commodities in Indonesia.

As a legacy from the Dutch colonial period, the district is dairy farming and remained Nickname: Kota Susu (milk city). Beginning of the 20th century, Dutch businessmen started to settle in the mountain area between Boyolali and Salatiga black - colored dairy cattle from the Netherlands for milk production. This industry has lost much after Indonesia's independence by the departure of the Dutch in importance, but was later revived in 1980 and remained until today in the region. Even today, the black - colored Simmental is the landmark of the district and can be found all over the landscape statues of cows of this breed.

Tobacco from Boyolali, especially of the very suitable slopes of Merbabu volcano is characterized by a high quality and are used by many national and international tobacco companies (eg: Drum and Samson ) used for the production of their products.

In addition to agriculture, still the dominant economic sector in the district, but there are also larger factory settlements, especially in the border area of the city of Surakarta. The Regional Solo strongly held textile and Möbelindurstrie settles due to the lower minimum wages for industrial workers, the low available land and lower taxes rather not directly in the city of Solo to, but preferred locations in the neighboring districts Boyolali, Karanganyar, Klaten, Sragen, Sukoharjo and Wonogiri.

Attractions

The main town Boyolali itself has few attractions and can be described as quiet. But thanks to the good climate and the clean and orderly city center, the city is very livable and is a preferred residence of local retirees of the middle layers. In addition to some of the beautiful preserved colonial construction of the Catholic Church falls on from the 1940s. Although in the entire district, only 7,000 Catholics ( Catholics and Protestants make just 2 % of the total population of the district of ), the cath. Main church one of the most distinctive buildings in the downtown area of ​​the also be seen from afar.

Outside the city there are the following attractions:

Selo

The village of Selo, in the same subdistrict Kecamatan located in a main valley between two volcanoes Merapi and Merbabu and is a very suitable starting point for the ascents of both volcanoes. Located on Scenic almost 1,600 m above sea level, this place over the two mountain passes Selo Pass of Boyolali and the Ketep Pass Magelang is reachable.

Pengging

The town is a popular seaside resort in the Pengging subdistrict Kecamatan Banyudono and is located half- way between Boyolali City and Surakarta. Besides profane bathers this place is also visited by pilgrims followers of Javanese Kejawan - faith are. At various places and watering holes are held water meditation rituals and ceremonies at different times. How about the sanggaran or kungkun ritual. This place hosts several swimming pools, buildings, tombs, and a mosque were built by the royal family of Surakarta and are over 100 years old in the part.

Swell

• Kabupaten Boyolali dalam Angka Tahun 2008 ( Statistical Yearbook of the Misc Boyolali )
• Sejarah dan Hari Jadi kabupaten Boyolali ( The face and birthday Misc Boyolali )
• From Goethe to Emil Nolde; Indonesia in the German intellectual world; Jakarta 2000
• Brosur Pesona Wisata Boyolali ( Tourist brochure Misc Boyolali ) 2009

• Jawa Tengah
• Kabupaten