Bundeshaus (Bonn)

The Federal House in Bonn is a building complex where 1949 took place the plenary sessions of the German Bundestag and the Bundesrat to 1999. The 1930-1933 core built building was used until the Second World War as a Pedagogical Academy of Educators. After the decision of the question in 1949 in favor of capital Bonn, it was converted into a makeshift accommodation of the Bundestag and the Bundesrat and formed the nucleus of the developing Parliament and government district.

In over 40 years as the seat of the two constitutional bodies, it was expanded several times and rebuilt until the institutions were relocated due to the capital decision to Berlin in 1999. The plenary then adopted the International Convention Centre Federal Parliament Bonn, today's World Conference Center Bonn, take place in the national and international conferences. The southern section is in the future. Seat of the Climate Change Secretariat of the United Nations part of the " UN Campus ", in addition to this building also includes the neighboring former House of Representatives Langer Eugen

The House of History has established the Federal Palace an "information center federalism ".

• 3.1 Plenary Hall, foyer and Rheinlobby
• 3.2 Core area
• 3.3 North Wing and Federal Hall
• 3.4 South Wing
• 3.5 Intermediate wings
• 3.6 Fraktionsbau
• 3.7 Ancient High House
• 3.8 Plenarsaalanbau ( Vizepräsidentenbau )
• 3.9 reception

Location and accessibility

The Federal Palace is located at the United Nations in place beside the river in the middle of the former parliament and government district ( now the Federal District). While the main entrances of the various parts of the building are at United Nations Square, the Chamber is also accessible via the Rhine promenade ( Stresemann bank). Reachable the building is on the B 9, the fastest way is via the east of this location, crossroad Heussallee. At the end of this street is located north of the building complex of the Parliament Building. In the north, the Federal house is adjacent to the Dahlmannstraße.

History

Before 1949: Educational Academy and Parliamentary Council

The core of the building was until 1933, built in the shapes of the New Objectivity of Regierungsbaumeister Martin Witte as a teacher training college, a college for teacher training in 1930. It included next to the lecture hall, a gymnasium and an auditorium. After 1948, it was decided to leave the Parliamentary Council will meet in Bonn, appropriate facilities to accommodate the panel were looking for. The choice fell on the building of the Academy, because they offered sufficient space to accommodate the Constitutional Convention. From September 1948 to the adoption of the Basic Law in May 1949, he was held in the auditorium of the former Teacher Training College. The Allied High Commission continued to search for a seat for the future state organs of the Federal Republic of Germany, Bonn also competed and was an option in the so-called " capital question ". Frankfurt am Main, the main competitor to the capital status, had since 1949 set up a Chamber. To forestall Frankfurt, Bonn had also set up a plenary hall by architect Hans Schwippert within a few months, which was connected to the foyer to the converted gymnasium of the Academy. The entire building was converted to the Parliament building in the spring of 1949 by Schwippert. Here, the architect added the construction of a north and south wing. On May 10, 1949 Bonn received by secret ballot of the Parliamentary Council with 33 to 29 votes the majority of votes and was thus appointed as " provisional seat of the federal authorities ."

As of 10 August 1949, the extended complex of the former Teacher Training College was officially called " House of Parliament " means. Provisionally came also among country representatives, however, could only take a few offices to complete. On September 7, 1949, the first meeting of the German Bundestag took place in the Chamber at the same time the boardroom of the Federal Council was set up in the former auditorium, whose offices and more meeting rooms were housed in the 1949 newly built north wing of the Parliament Building. On November 3, 1949, the capital question was decided by the first German Bundestag definitively in favor of Bonn.

1949-1999: German Bundestag and Bundesrat

After the location of the organs of government had been finally determined, the Houses of Parliament has been further developed as the seat of the legislature and two constitutional bodies. Since Bonn should remain only provisional capital, care was taken in the design contracts to great functionality and economy. One of the first extensions included the cultivation of colonnades and side galleries. By 1953, originated in the north of the building - also based on plans by Hans Schwippert - a cross- section with a restaurant. In July 1953, the Federal House at the southern end to an eight-storey House of Representatives has begun to expand (now " Old high-rise "). Also in 1953 was built on the bank of the Rhine for the Federal Bureau own building ( " Vizepräsidentenbau ") with a connection to the other parts of the house.

1955, the plenary of the upper house was rebuilt. The deputies voted for the proposed already by Schwippert for the Chamber novel circular arrangement of their seats, as was realized in 1990 in the current Chamber. This felt the federal government, however, as to modernist; Therefore, the original seating arrangement was maintained, in which the deputies of the government separated and the government members sat on a raised platform. After the reunification in 1990, the seating arrangements of the Federal Council for the representatives of all 16 states has been extended.

In 1986, the Bundestag decided after decades of discussions and a variety repeatedly discarded architectural and urban design (including by Egon Eiermann and Sep Ruf ) to a new building of the Chamber. Despite intensive efforts to the contrary of monuments, a number of politicians and concerned citizens and a number of reports, which represented the old building as rehabilitation potential, the now landmarked plenary Schwippert was demolished. By design, planning and implementation of the new building the Stuttgart architects Behnisch & Partners was commissioned, which had won the corresponding competition. The construction work for the new plenary hall ( construction cost: about 120 million euros ) began in 1988, in 1990 the building was largely completed. During the construction of the Bundestag met in neighboring former waterworks. On 30 October 1992 the first meeting was held in the new parliament building. Once in a meeting on November 24, 1992 precipitated the microphone system, the Bundestag gathered again at the waterworks until he moved to the parliament building on September 22, 1993. On 20 June 1991, the German Bundestag decided to move its headquarters to Berlin. On 1 July 1999, the last session of parliament in Bonn took place with the swearing in of the Federal President Johannes Rau.

More used by the German parliament building in Bonn were the Villa Adenauer Allee 208 ( federal government), the Godesberg yard (military officer of the German Bundestag ) in the district Rüngsdorf and Villa Doll Straße 10 in the district Plittersdorf ( official residence of the President of the Bundestag ).

Plenary Old Waterworks in 1990 for the funeral of Gerhard Schröder

Plenary Old Waterworks ( Venue 1986-1992 ) in 2005

Since 1999: IKBB Federal Council and the United Nations

On 29 October 1999 the Plenarsaalbau of Bonn was handed over to use the building for the International Congress Center Federal Bonn (IKBB ). On 14 July 2000 was conducted with the 753 instead of the last plenary meeting of the Federal Council in Bonn, after he had decided on 27 September 1996 to relocate its headquarters to Berlin. Since then, the Federal Council maintains a branch office in Bonn. In this the "central office of the countries in European affairs " is housed. Furthermore, here outside the meeting weeks of the Bundestag committee meetings - with the exception of the Health Committee and the Defence Committee - held that correspond with the Federal Ministries, headquartered in Bonn: the Committee on the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety, the Committee on Agricultural Policy and Consumer Protection and the Committee on Cultural Affairs.

The core area of the Federal Palace, formerly used by the German Bundestag and the Federal Government took over organizations of the United Nations (UN). In future, the plenary of the Parliament Building is expected to be connected by a newly erected foyer and a tunnel with the extension to the World Conference Center Bonn. Thus, the size of the complex is approximately double.

On 7 September 2009, the German Bundestag convened on the occasion of his 60 years previously effected, first constitution in the Chamber of the Parliament Building.

Building

The Federal Palace mainly consists of nine buildings. The most famous is the completed in 1992 the Chamber met in the until 1999, the German Bundestag. All building complexes are interconnected. By 2007, the federal government spent 17 million euros for his former parliamentary buildings ( Chamber Vizepräsidentenbau, Old Tower). As a monument conservation are the former building of the Pedagogical Academy, the plenary hall as well as the plenary hall.

Auditorium, foyer and Rheinlobby

The 1949 was built as a self -supporting steel structure following the plenary hall foyer included a side-opened with glass facades boardroom, which was designed for 520 members of parliament, it has also been built there a grandstand for 400 visitors. That in the 1980s, dilapidated building was demolished in 1986 to make way for a new place.

The new plenary hall was erected in 1992 in place of the former building of Hans Schwippert designed by the Stuttgart architects Behnisch & Partner and is now used as part of the " World Conference Center Bonn ". It is part of the path of democracy. Since then, the convention center has been in operation, many nationally and internationally renowned conferences and meetings are held here. The plenary hall can be visited outside of Congress usage times. The plenum has a floor area of 1230 m². The building should resemble the following transparency, proximity and modesty express the spirit of the Federal Republic: All areas of glass and steel building are visible, there is no single, continuous wall. The unavoidable static reasons concrete walls are lined by large-scale works of art.

The seating arrangement is chosen circular in contrast to the previous parliament buildings. Thus, the MPs of the ruling, the Bureau and the respective speakers were not against, but with them together. External seats can be avoided in this way. Since the 1998 election, the seating arrangement is unchanged, only the stenographer spaces in front of the lectern were removed. The actual plenary hall is below the bottom of the surroundings, making the entire building smaller and therefore more modest effect. The inputs for Members and visitors are separated by only a few meters and the 1200 sq comprehensive foyer, which is framed the Chamber together with the Rheinlobby and example for banquets and will be viewable from a visitor balcony.

The Bundestag eagle, called "Fat Hen", is a copy of the first eagle from the old auditorium, which was made ​​for aesthetic reasons instead of aluminum from plaster. The plumage of the bird's crest is asymmetrical and patchy to lead the Members in mind that they will never achieve perfection. It is noteworthy that finds itself on the whole symbolism is very little in the renovated Reichstag building.

Core area

The core area of the Federal Palace - the former Pedagogical Academy - was the first of the nine parts of the building today. Built from 1930 to 1933 in the Bauhaus style according to the plans of the government architect Martin Witte, he was used in 1949 to 1999 by the German Bundestag. Until the opening of the nearby UN Campus 2006 UN organizations were there transitionally housed. Today the building is used privately.

North Wing and Federal Hall

Established in 1949, The north wing now houses the branch office of the Bundesrat. Until this Headquartered in 2000 moved to the Prussian mansion in Berlin, here found the committee meetings and in the adjoining former Great Hall of the Pedagogical Academy in the plenary meetings of the Federal Council instead. On May 26, 1952, the contract was signed in Germany Federal Hall. It is part of the path of democracy. The mid- 2000s, the north wing for around two million euros was redeveloped, particularly to satisfy fire regulations.

In the building now housing nor the following committees of the Bundesrat whenever their meeting dates do not fall within a week of sittings of the Bundestag: Committee on Agriculture (AV), Environment Committee (U) and Culture Committee (K). Currently, nine employees of the Federal Council where their jobs. The House of History has an information center federalism established in the Bundesrat, the information about the work and history of the Bundesrat and of federalism. It was opened on 6 September 2006 in the former Chamber. As part of the exhibition accompaniments and the historic meeting hall can be visited.

South Wing

The south wing of the Parliament Building was built in 1949 as the first expansion to a design by the architect Hans Schwippert. The 2250 m², this building consists of a basement, a ground and two upper floors with approximately 110 offices and a meeting room. The listed building is to be renovated and then accommodate parts of the UN Campus.

Between wings

The intermediate wing was built in 1951 according to a design by the Federal Planning Bureau. It extends over an area of ​​590 m² and combines the "old skyscraper " with the south wing. The building was the second extension of the Parliament Building. The 36 offices and three meeting rooms spread over a base and a ground floor and two upper floors. The link building is the future part of the UN campus.

Fraktionsbau

The 1610 m² comprehensive Fraktionsbau, in the former the individual parliamentary groups were established in 1953, also built according to the plans of the Federal Planning Bureau, at the same time with the old high-rise. It consists of two buildings with a) a basement and three upper floors with 31 offices, b ) a basement, two floors above ground and the fraction casements with each having one and a half storey boardrooms. In the future, the building will be part of the UN Campus.

Ancient High House

The official " Old Abgeordnetenhochhaus " said eight-story building in 1953 to a design by the Federal Planning Bureau on the foundations of a two-storey air -raid shelter from the Second World War ( " Gronau bunker " ) built. The third expansion of the Federal Palace contains an area of ​​3990 m² two basement levels at the level of the bunker, a ground floor and seven upper floors with 160 offices. By the spring of 2004, was still here some of the Bundestag Library until it was transferred to Berlin's Marie- Elisabeth- Lüders-Haus. After the building was left to the United Nations to set up there a part of the UN campus. After completing the summer of 2013 conversion to move in here some of the staff of the United Nations Climate Change Secretariat. With the necessary modernization and reconstruction was begun in September 2009, topping out ceremony was celebrated in October 2011, the keys were handed over on 31 October 2012, the official adoption by the United Nations on 15 July 2013.

Plenarsaalanbau ( Vizepräsidentenbau )

The " Vizepräsidentenbau " built during the plenary hall new building until 1992 for the Federal Bureau located on the side of the Rhine. He belongs to the World Conference Center Bonn ( WCCB ). In the building there are 36 meeting rooms and 7 conference rooms. In addition, there were offices of SMI Hyundai, the investor who should build and operate the WCCB.

Reception

" As much as the complex of buildings is a confusing sequence of spaces inside, he makes to the outside despite the different phases of construction a closed impression and still heard in its natural position to the best buildings of Bonn. "

Art outside the Houses of Parliament

In recent years and decades, a number of artistic works have been erected outside the Houses of Parliament. Before the House of Parliament, in the immediate vicinity of the Rhine, the bright red sculpture made ​​of steel profiles " L' Allume " by Mark di Suvero was installed in October 1992. It shows in the geographical direction of the German capital Berlin. 2010 was a renewal and modernization of the art work place with the participation of di Suvero. In the area of the main entrance of the former plenary hall are the resultant between 1993 and 1997 sculpture " Meistdeutigkeit " by Olaf Metzel, a blend of bike racks and a little further north, the metal sculpture " Breakthrough " by Hermann Glöckner. For the southern part of the Federal Parliament, which is prepared for the UN Campus, 2010, three new art - in-architecture competitions were awarded. Won the first prize among other things, the sculptor Michael Sailstorfer for his outdoor thermometer at the old house MPs, which is to highlight the role of the Climate Change Secretariat and was installed in July 2012.

Hermann Glöckner: "Breakthrough " (1980/1992)

Olaf Metzel: Meistdeutigkeit (1993-1997)

World Conference Center Bonn ( WCCB )

The World Conference Center Bonn (until 2006 International Convention Centre Federal Parliament Bonn and United Nations Congress Center ) includes the 1992 inaugurated the Chamber of Günter Behnisch, the adjacent Vizepräsidentenbau, the opposite Old Waterworks, which served as the temporary home of the Bundestag during the construction of the new Chamber, and its adjacent pump house. Since 2006, the Federal Parliament is working on a comprehensive extension to the west, a hotel in the area. The construction work was stopped, however, in September 2009 due to a not yet overcome financial scandal.

The WCCB is one of the most important congress centers in Germany. Nationally find in him as internationally important conferences are held (eg: 2000, " UNCCD World Desert Conference ", 2004, " International Conference on Renewable Energies ", also 2004, the German Jurists, 2006, the German Nature Conservation ). Often, the WCCB is also used by the Bonn-based UN organizations for their meetings.

UN Campus

Since 1996, numerous organizations of the United Nations ( UN) have settled in Bonn. These were previously in the house Carstanjen and its extension, the Federal House and a building at the Kennedy Avenue resident. In November 2000, the Federal Government has decided to join the organizations mainly active in the environmental and sustainability field at a central point. In 2001 it was agreed to ask for the former parliament buildings to the United Nations for permanent use available, which was confirmed by the Cabinet decision of 28 May 2003. In July 2006, eleven of the then twelve organizations in the former house MPs, the Langer Eugen retracted.

The Climate Change Secretariat with over 200 employees to be housed in the old eight-storey high-rise building, the Fraktionsbau, the intermediate wing and the south wing of the Federal Palace as the second part of the UN campus. This, the heritage-listed buildings have been rebuilt since September 2009 for about 55 million euros. After a construction period of three years, the work was completed in the fall of 2012. In a second phase, a new addition will be built to make all of the United Nations so far 700 people to accommodate in Bonn on a common site. The move was originally scheduled for 2008 have been delayed but now that the Budget Committee of the German Parliament had imposed a spending freeze for the renovation of the old tower. On 31 October 2012 was the key handover to the Climate Change Secretariat, on 15 July 2013, the official takeover of the building by the United Nations.