Callicarpa

Chinese Beautyberry ( Callicarpa giraldii var giraldii ' Profusion ')

Callicarpa is a genus of flowering plants of the mint family ( Lamiaceae). Your are attributed to about 140 species.

Description

Vegetative characteristics

Callicarpa species are woody plants that grow mostly as small trees and shrubs, self- erect or rarely climbing. Aboveground plant parts are often hairy, the trichomes can be constructed quite differently. The branches are pencil -shaped or square. The opposite or in threes arranged in whorls on the branches of deciduous leaves are simple.

Generative features

The axillary, zymösen inflorescences can stand on an inflorescence stem. The flowers are hermaphroditic, radial symmetry and usually four, rarely fünfzählig with double perianth. The usually four sepals are short fused Roehrig or bell- shaped, the calyx remains on the fruit, but not increased. The white, the blue, violet, mauve or purple petals are fused and usually vierlappig, only rarely five-lobed. It is tubular to funnel-shaped or plate- shaped and radial symmetry. There are only four (rarely five to seven) stamens present, arranged epipetal and stand above the crown out. Their anthers are elongated or elliptical, fixed rear and consist of two parallel related counters which open to longitudinal slots or pores on the tips. Four or rarely five carpels are fused into a two-chambered ovary. Each ovary chamber contains two ovules. The stylus is usually longer than the stamens. The scar is shield - shaped or capitula.

The more or less spherical drupe consists of rock-hard endocarp, a fleshy mesocarp and a thin exocarp. The hard endocarp divides the fruit into four stone-like part of fruits, in each of which a single, endospermloser Same is with membranous seed coat. The cotyledons are fleshy.

Occurrence

The Callicarpa species are native to temperate, subtropical and tropical regions of Asia and America, in tropical areas of Australia, and on some Pacific islands. In China, about 48 species occur.

System

The position of the genus Callicarpa has often been discussed. So it was, for example, provided to the Verbenaceae, today it is placed in the Lamiaceae, with still unclear position within the extended family.

The genus Callicarpa include about 140 species. A 1951 proposed division of the genus shares this based on characteristics of the stamens in two sections: Section Callicarpa with ovate anthers which open by longitudinal slits and section Verticirima with elongated anthers, which open via pores at the tips.

The listing of the species in 1753 published the first edition of the Species Plantarum work of Carl Linnaeus is considered first publication of the genus name. Here is an alphabetical listing of approximately 140 valid species and varieties without regard to the section membership, which in addition to the botanical author abbreviation is indicated by the publication year of publication of the first description:

  • Callicarpa aculeolata chill in A.DC., Prodr. 11: 642 ( 1847).
  • Callicarpa acuminata Kunth in Humboldt FWHvon, AJABonpland & CSKunth, November gene. Sp 2: 252 (1818 ). Callicarpa acuminata acuminata var.
  • Callicarpa acuminata var argutidentata Moldenke, Phytologia 23: 210 ( 1972).
  • Callicarpa acuminata var pringlei ( Briq. ) Moldenke, Phytologia 23: 210 ( 1972).
  • Callicarpa bodinieri var bodinieri.
  • Callicarpa bodinieri var rosthornii ( Diels ) Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 15: 323 (1934 ).
  • Callicarpa brevipes var brevipes.
  • Callicarpa brevipes var obovata HTChang, Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1 (1): 301 ( 1951).
  • Callicarpa candicans var candicans.
  • Callicarpa candicans f glabriuscula ( HJLam ) Fosberg, Smithsonian Contr. Bot 45: 25 (1980).
  • Callicarpa candicans var integrifolia ( HJLam ) Fosberg, Smithsonian Contr. Bot 45: 25 (1980).
  • Callicarpa candicans var paucinervia ( Merr. ) Fosberg, Smithsonian Contr. Bot 45: 25 (1980).
  • Callicarpa candicans var ponapensis Fosberg, Smithsonian Contr. Bot 45: 26 (1980).
  • Callicarpa formosana formosana var.
  • Callicarpa formosana var glabrata SLIDE, SMChaw & Yuen P.Yang, Taiwania 43: 333 ( 1998).
  • Callicarpa formosana var longifolia Suzuki, Trans Nat. Hist. Soc. Taiwan 25: 131 (1935 ).
  • Callicarpa giraldii var chinyunensis ( C.Pei & WZFang ) SLChen, Novon 1: 58 (1991).
  • Callicarpa giraldii var giraldii.
  • Callicarpa giraldii var subcanescens Rehder in CSSargent, Wilson Pl. 3: 368 (1916).
  • Callicarpa integerrima var chinensis ( C.Pei ) SLChen, Novon 1: 58 (1991).
  • Callicarpa integerrima var integerrima.
  • Callicarpa japonica var japonica.
  • Callicarpa japonica var luxurians Rehder in CSSargent, Wilson Pl. 3: 369 (1916).
  • Callicarpa kochiana var kochiana.
  • Callicarpa kochiana var laxiflora ( HTChang ) WZFang, in Fl. Reipubl. Popul. Sin. 65 (1 ): 31 (1982).
  • Callicarpa kwangtungensis var kwangtungensis.
  • Callicarpa kwangtungensis var trichocarpa LQLi in Zyli (ed.), Pl Lingqui Mount. 598 ( 1994).
  • Callicarpa longipes longipes var.
  • Callicarpa longipes var mixiensis ( ZXYua ) SLChen, Novon 1: 58 (1991).
  • Callicarpa oshimensis var iriomotensis ( Masam. ) Hatus. , Bull Arts Sci. Div. Ryukyu Univ. 3: 107 (1959).
  • Callicarpa oshimensis var okinawensis ( Nakai ) Hatus. , Bull Arts Sci. Div. Ryukyu Univ. 3: 107 (1959).
  • Callicarpa oshimensis var oshimensis.
  • Callicarpa prolifera var prolifera.
  • Callicarpa prolifera var rubroglandulosa SLChen, Novon 1: 58 (1991).
  • Callicarpa rubella rubella f.
  • Callicarpa rubella f subglabra C.Pei, Mem Sci. Soc. China 1 (3 ): 41 (1934 ).
Asterids Ovary (botany) Stigma (botany)
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