Cape Arkona
Geographical location
Cape Arkona is a 43 meters high, made of chalk and boulder clay cliffs on the peninsula Wittow in the north of the island. The memorial area Cape Arkona is one next to the fishing village of Vitt Putgarten to the community and is one of the most popular attractions on Rügen with approximately 800,000 visitors annually.
At the Cape, two lighthouses, an Peilturm, two military bunkers, the Slavic Jaromarsburg and tourist buildings are (restaurants, bars, souvenir shops ). Because of the geology and the weathering occurs mainly at the Cape in the winter time and again to partially large cracks.
Cape Arkona is often referred to as the " northernmost point of Rügen ", but this is not true. About one kilometer to the north- west is a point of the cliff, Gellort mentioned that is still slightly further north. Right at the foot of the Gell town there is the 165 -ton boulder Seven Schneider Stone, in Low German Söbenschniedersteen. The Cape offers from an impressive sight on the island, both by land and by water.
Lighthouses and Peilturm
Peilturm
The smaller of the two lighthouses was 1826/27 built according to plans by Karl Friedrich Schinkel in brick construction and put into operation in 1828. It is 19.3 m high and has a height of 60 m above the fire. NN. The rooms of the three-storey tower is used as a service and storage facilities. It is also called Schinkelturm. On March 31, 1905 he was taken out of service. He is after Travemünder Lighthouse is the second oldest lighthouse on the German Baltic coast.
The larger tower was built in 1901 /02 was built next to the old tower and put into operation on 1 April 1905. It is 35 m high and has a fire rate of 75 m above sea level. NN. It is built of brick and stands on an octagonal granite base. The light-emitting device was for 90 years from two carbon arc lamps, and in 1995 replaced by a metal halide lamp. Through them and the rotating triple optics, the lantern of the tower sends out three flashes every 17 seconds.
The former Marinepeilturm was built in 1927 of brick and served as Seefunkfeuer. From 1911 to 1925 corresponding, then pioneering attempts were preceded by the radiation directed radio waves to navigate - especially for the 1909 furnished railway Sassnitz -Trelleborg - to improve. For this purpose, large antenna arrays were built within the Jaromarsburg. The foundations of the associated radio operating point are preserved in the interior of the rampart until today. The technical facilities of the Peilturms were destroyed in 1945.
All three towers were renovated in the early 1990s and are open for visitors to see it. The old lighthouse now houses a museum and a branch of the registry office. Here Marriages are immortalized on request by a small panel in the floor in front of the tower. The Peilturm is used as an art museum and studio. There is a viewing platform from which one has an unobstructed view of Rügen and in particular the peninsula Wittow on each tower. On a clear day you can even look up to the Danish island of Møn.
Jaromarsburg
The Jaromarsburg was from the 9th to the 12th century, a place of worship of Ranen, a Slavic tribe, devoted to her God Swantewit. Located on the very tip of the cape, she was protected on three sides by the cliffs and on the land side by a 25 meter high castle wall.
Located within the Walls Temple took over after the destruction of Rethra in 1068 its importance as a religious center of the Slavs in Mecklenburg. In 1168 the Danish king Valdemar I conquered during the Christianization of the castle and destroyed the temple.
From the top Arkonas parts are thrown into the sea, which is why almost only the castle wall is visible from the Jaromarsburg today in the last centuries and over again.
King Steps and stairs violets
A few meters to the west of Cape Arkona is the King staircase that overcomes 42-meter cliff with 230 steps. The Swedish King Frederick I - Rügen then belonged to Sweden - built a Feuerbake to warn the population in the vicinity of today stairs during the Swedish - Russian war 1741-1743. At the time, the place was still called King riser.
For the reception of the steamboat Hercules with the Imperial Russian chronometer expedition left the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. - Rügen was now Prussian - 1833 establish an investor and a staircase. From the point of 1865, the first telegraph cable was laid across the Baltic Sea to Sweden. With the rise of seaside resorts Rügenscher also took the tourism to the Cape Arkona. Many travelers arrived by steamers, which moored at the dock at the foot of the stairs. The investor, however, was completely destroyed by the storm surge in 1953. The new king staircase was completed in 1995 at an historic location after one year of construction.
South of the remains of the Walls of Jaromarsburg is the violet staircase, a descent to the beach, ranging from Arkona by Vitt. The name has the stairs of the violets that grow around the stairs around in the spring.
Bunker at Cape Arkona
Exhibition at the NVA bunker
View of the Wehrmacht bunker from Schinkelturm
In close proximity to the two lighthouses are two bunkers. The smaller, older bunker dating back to times of the Wehrmacht and housed in GDR times, a service of the 6th Border Brigade coast. He is commonly referred to as the Arkona Bunker.
The larger, newer bunker was built from 1979 to 1986 and served stationed on the bow 6th Flotilla the People's Navy and the United Baltic Fleet (VOF ) as a command post. From a main center aisle with two entrances starting there are several autonomous single bunker with a total area of 2000 m². Specifically, these are three large bunkers (type FB -75) and nine small (type FB -3 ), which were made of precast concrete (FB = Precast Bunker ). The type - FB -75- bunker had a mezzanine floor on which the beds were housed, as well as an emergency exit. Every single bunker has the main course one or two airlocks. Above all, there is a 3 to 5 meter high earth covering, from which dozens extend vent pipes.
In 1985 was the 30th anniversary of the National People's Army ( NVA) showed an aerial view of Cape Arkona with the bunker construction site in the background in the picture book "Soldiers of the people" and the bunkers therefore ( mean unmasked, that the location of the bunker was made public ) unmasked. As the figure could come into the picture book, is not clear, but he was already taken three days after the appearance of out of circulation. A later edition of the illustrated book contained no longer the aerial image.
50 to 70 soldiers of the People's Navy did here in 1986 three to four times a year as part of fleet maneuvers for two to three days their service. The standard workforce amounted to four men. On 3 October 1990, the day of German reunification, the plant was shut down.
The bunkers were acquired by the municipality Putgarten and gradually renovated. The Arkona bunker now houses an art gallery and the NVA bunker an exhibition of old Bunker furnishings, and a series of photographs of the People's Navy.
Approach
Before the community Putgarten there is a large parking lot, on which all of the cars and buses must be parked. From there you can either come to feet (1.8 miles), by horse or by Cape Arkona -Bahn to the Cape. Even with the bike can reach the sights very well.
The Cape Arkona Cape Arkona or train goes to the fishing village of Vitt since 1993 by Putgarten. Do not drive - as the name suggests - on rails, but on wheels on a normal road. Its like a steam locomotive looking tractors run on eco- friendly gas drive since 1996.
It also operate daily ships of the company Baltic tour of Binz and Sassnitz to Cape Arkona.
Arkona station in Putgarten
Others
A 1927 from the stack overflowed luxury liner was baptized after this cliff Cap Arcona.
The cargo ship Cape Arkona of DSR (DSR ) was also named after the cape.
On the 2nd Christmas Day 2011, there was a greater risk of slipping of boulders directly at Cape Arkona, the buried and his mother seriously injured a ten year old girl. The week-long search for the child was abandoned on January 8, 2012 by search parties before the child's body was found at the foot of the Cape on 31 January 2012.
The Seenotkreuzer the GMRS Arkona was named after the cape.
Overlooking the fishing village of Vitt and Cape
Seven Schneider Stone, a glacial boulder
Arkonahof
Svetovid statue
Climate
The climate of Cape Arkona corresponds to the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern coastal climate. The annual average temperature is 7.9 ° C. The rainfall is 521 mm per year. The average humidity is very high by the seaside location.